金融供给与相对贫困:基于就业创造效应的检验

Financial Supply and Relative Poverty:an Examination Based on the Job Creation Effect

通过绝对贫困乘数法与中位收入比例法构建相对贫困衡量方式,匹配地级市层面的统计数据与CHFS2019数据,识别和测度中国各地区的相对贫困程度,实证检验金融供给对相对贫困的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,无论采用何种相对贫困衡量方式,金融供给均能显著抑制相对贫困。异质性分析显示,对于非农家庭及生活在东部和大城市的家庭,金融供给的缓解效应更为显著。通过引入HHI和CR3指数,以及使用工具变量解决潜在的内生性问题后,这一结论仍然成立。影响机制检验表明,金融供给通过就业创造效应缓解相对贫困。研究结论可为规范和引导金融供给解决相对贫困提供参考。

By using the absolute poverty multiplier and the median income ratio method to measure relative poverty and matching prefecture-level statistical data with the CHFS2019 data,this study identifies and measures the levels of relative poverty across various regions in China.It empirically examines the impact of financial supply on relative poverty and its mechanisms of action.The findings reveal that,regardless of the method used to measure relative poverty,financial supply significantly curbs relative poverty.Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the alleviating effect of financial supply is more pronounced for non-farming households and households living in eastern regions and large cities.By introducing the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index(HHI)and the Concentration Ratio for the top three banks(CR3)and using instrumental variables to address potential endogeneity issues,the conclusion remains valid.Mechanism tests demonstrate that financial supply alleviates relative poverty through job creation effects.The conclusions of this study can provide references for standardizing and guiding financial supply to address relative poverty.