培训人力资本与地区经济增长——基于人力资本质量的视角

Training human capital and regional economic growth—Base on the perspective of human capital quality

本文依据人力资本投资理论,基于人力资本质量的视角,充分考虑不同的培训投入规模引致的培训质量差异,运用各地区就业训练中心面板数据实证检验培训人力资本影响地区经济增长的实际效应,分析培训人力资本对东、中、西部地区的异质性影响,并解析培训和教育人力资本对地区经济增长的影响机制.结果表明:考虑培训收益率和培训质量的异质性人力资本对经济增长存在正向促进作用;作为两种重要的人力资本投资形式,教育与培训均对地区经济发展存在推动作用,且两者存在一定程度的替代效应;培训人力资本对中部经济增长影响最大,西部最小;机制检验验证培训人力资本通过促进技术研发推动经济增长.未来需通过重视职业培训,完善技能评价,出台补贴政策引导企业提供技能培训等方式,优化劳动力市场技能结构,提高人力资本质量,推动地区经济高质量发展.

Based on the human capital investment theory and from the perspective of human capital quality,this paper fully considers the differences in training quality caused by different training investment scales,using panel data of employment training centers in various regions to empirically test the actual effect of training human capital on regional economic growth,and analyzing the heterogeneous impact of training human capital on the eastern,central and western regions,and the impact mechanism of training human capital on regional economic growth.The results show that human capital,taking into account training yield and training quality,has a positive promoting effect on economic growth;as two important forms of human capital investment,both education and training have a promoting effect on regional economic development,and there is a certain degree of substitution effect;training human capital has the greatest impact on economic growth in the central region and the smallest in the west;the mechanism test verifies that training human capital promotes economic growth by promoting technology research and development.In the future,it is necessary to optimize the skill structure of the labor market,improve the quality of human capital,and promote high-quality regional economic development by attaching importance to vocational training,improving skills evaluation,and introducing subsidy policies to guide enterprises to provide skills training.