计及同步机惯性与储能虚拟惯性价值的电能、惯性及一次调频联合优化出清模型

Joint Optimal Clearing Model for Electric Energy,Inertia and Primary Frequency Response Considering Synchronous Inertia and Energy Storage Virtual Inertia Values

高比例新能源发电并网将导致电力系统同步机惯性和频率响应资源减少,大扰动下电力系统频率安全问题凸显。目前,现货市场缺乏机制来激励惯性资源供应,而同步机惯性和储能虚拟惯性本身具有一定价值,因此可以考虑将他们纳入现货市场进行出清,以有效地维持系统频率稳定。为此,该文首先探讨同步发电机和储能提供惯性与一次调频的区别,并基于储能虚拟惯性延时推导两阶段响应过程的频率安全约束;其次,提出计及同步机惯性“块状”特性与储能能量预留系数的电能、惯性及一次调频日前出清模型,获取同步机惯性和虚拟惯性价值;最后,基于算例验证所提模型的有效性,并讨论不同参数设置对于出清结果的影响。

The high proportion of new energy generation to the grid leads to the reduction of synchronous inertia and frequency response resources of the power system,thereby emphasizing the frequency security issue under large disturbances.Currently,the spot markets lack mechanisms to incentivize the supply of inertial resources.Given the significant value of both synchronous inertia and virtual inertia from energy storage systems,their inclusion in the spot market for efficient clearing could contribute to maintaining the stability of system frequency.Therefore,the differences of inertia and primary frequency response provided by synchronous generator and energy storage are firstly discussed.Then the frequency safety constraints of the two-stage response process based on the energy storage virtual inertia’s delay are derived.Secondly,an electric energy,inertia and primary frequency response day-ahead clearing model is proposed,which takes synchronous inertia’s"lumpy"characteristic and energy storage reservation factor into account,to obtain the synchronous inertia and virtual inertia values.Finally,the validity of the proposed model is verified based on an example,and the effects of different parameter settings on the clearing results are discussed.