玉米、花生根际土AMF群落特点及其对磷肥的响应

Characteristics of AMF community in maize and peanut rhizosphere soil and its response to phosphate application

为了探明玉米、花生根际土丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)多样性和群落结构特点及其对磷肥的响应,本试验基于高通量测序技术研究了不施磷与施磷时玉米和花生根际土AMF群落的多样性、组成和结构,并结合其土壤理化因子进行相关性分析。结果表明:玉米根际土AMF群落α多样性高于花生,施磷较不施磷降低玉米、花生根际土AMF群落α多样性;玉米、花生AMF群落优势科(属)均集中在球囊霉科(球囊霉属),但其优势种的组成及优势群落的相对丰度存在显著差异。玉米根际土AMF群落的近明球囊霉科、近球囊霉属、GlBb12、Torrecillas12b_Glo_G5和Lamellosum的相对丰度显著高于花生,分别高17.38%、16.97%、5.90%、3.29%和7.79%;施磷较不施磷显著降低玉米根际土近明球囊霉科、近明球囊霉属和花生根际土球囊霉科的相对丰度,分别降低16.89%、16.88%和11.00%,显著增加玉米根际土Viscosum和Yamato09_A1的相对丰度。通过冗余分析(RDA)可知,土壤速效磷(AP)、有效铁(AFe)、有机质(OM)和全磷(TP)的含量及pH值是影响玉米、花生根际土AMF群落α多样性及其基于科、属水平AMF群落结构的主要因子。综上,玉米、花生招募AMF群落具有偏好性,对磷肥响应存在差别,关键在于玉米、花生与磷肥影响了根际土中AP、AFe、OM和TP的含量及pH值。本研究为玉米、花生AMF群落结构的改善和磷肥调控高产提供理论基础。

To elucidate the diversity and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)in the rhizosphere soil of maize and peanut,and their response to phosphate application,we utilized high-throughput sequencing technology to study the diversity,composition,and structure of AMF communities under both phosphorus application and phosphorus-deficient condi-tions.We also conducted correlation analysis of soil physicochemical factors and AMF community traits.The results showed that theαdiversity of the AMF community in maize rhizosphere soil was higher than that in peanut rhizosphere soil.Phosphorus ap-plication reduced theαdiversity of AMF communities in both maize and peanut rhizosphere soils compared to the phospho-rus-deficient condition.The dominant family(genus)of AMF communities in the rhizosphere soil of both maize and peanut was Glomeraceae(Glomus),although there were significant differences in the composition of dominant species and the relative abun-dance of dominant communities.Specifically,the relative abundances of Claroideoglomeraceae,Claroideoglomus,GlBb12,Tor-recillas12b_Glo_G5,and Lamellosum in maize rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than in peanut by 17.38%,16.97%,5.90%,3.29%,and 7.79%,respectively.Compared to the phosphorus-deficient condition,phosphorus application significantly decreased the relative abundance of Claroideoglomeraceae and Claroideoglomus in maize rhizosphere soil and Glomeraceae in peanut rhizosphere soil by 16.89%,16.88%,and 11.00%,respectively.It also significantly increased the relative abundance of Viscosum and Yamato09_A1 in maize rhizosphere soil.Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that available phosphorus(AP),available iron(AFe),organic matter(OM),total phosphorus(TP),and pH values were the main factors affecting theαdiversity and community structure of AMF at the family and genus levels in both maize and peanut rhizosphere soils.In conclusion,maize and peanut exhibit distinct preferences for recruited AMF communities and respond differently to phosphate application.The primary factors influencing this response include the contents of AP,AFe,OM,TP,and pH value in the rhizosphere soil.This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the AMF community structure in maize and peanut,thereby enhancing high yield through phosphorus fertilizer application.