阿多诺关于审美幻相的思考及其当代意义

Adorno's Reflections on Aesthetic Illusion and Its Contemporary Significance

阿多诺认为,一切艺术作品都是现象,同时又是幻相。在这里,艺术作品通过一种精神的作用而错误地以为它达到了总体,达到了真理。面对艺术作品所出现的幻相的特征,艺术领域出现了一种实证化的趋势,艺术作品变成了一种艺术事实。于是艺术陷入了幻相的危机。然而,无论艺术作品如何努力摆脱幻相,都仍然是幻相。它们在试图走向真理的内容的过程中必然陷入矛盾之中。因此,欣赏或者创造艺术作品就是要拯救幻相,拯救幻相就是要努力走向艺术作品所试图把握的真理内容,但艺术作品的真理内容不是直接存在的,艺术作品作为现象是本质的现象,但是这个本质又区别于现象。拯救幻相实际上表明不可能和解的东西是可能实现和解的,但是这种和解不是现成存在的。

According to Adorno,all works of art are both phenomena and illusions.Here,artworks are often under the mistaken belief that they have attained completeness and truth,through an effect of the spirit.In the face of the illusory character of artworks,there is a tendency towards empiricization in the field of art,where the artworks becomes an artistic fact.Thus the artworks were plunged into a crisis of illusion.However,no matter how much the artworks endeavour to get rid of the illusion,they remain phantasmagoria.They are inevitably caught in contradictions in their attempts to move towards the content of truth.Therefore,appreciating or creating artworks is about rescuing illusions.Rescuing illusions means striving towards the truth content that artwork tries to grasp,but the truth content of artwork is not directly present.Artworks,as a phenomenon,are the phenomenon of essence,but this essence differs from phenomena.Rescuing illusion reveals that it is indeed possible to achieve harmony between seemingly irreconcilable elements,yet such harmony does not come about effortlessly.