饮食营养调整对老年T2DM疗效及安全性的影响分析

Analysis of influence of dietary and nutritional adjustment on the efficacy and safety of T2DM in the elderly

目的探讨饮食营养调整对老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)疗效及安全性的影响。方法80例老年T2DM患者,按照方法不同分为观察组与对照组,每组40例。对照组实施常规降糖治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予饮食营养调整。对比两组患者治疗前后的血糖指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]、生活质量及不良事件发生情况、临床疗效。结果治疗后,观察组患者FPG、2 h PG、HbA1c分别为(6.69±0.02)mmol/L、(8.16±0.48)mmol/L、(7.71±0.06)%,均低于对照组的(7.01±0.06)mmol/L、(9.08±0.07)mmol/L、(8.12±0.15)%(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者精力与活力、生活满意度、饮食控制、糖尿病控制评分分别为(4.56±0.08)、(13.69±1.05)、(5.69±0.36)、(7.33±1.16)分,均低于对照组的(5.23±0.06)、(15.48±1.94)、(6.23±0.49)、(8.45±1.03)分(P<0.05)。两组不良事件发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者总有效率95.00%高于对照组的75.00%(P<0.05)。结论饮食营养调整可通过调整患者的饮食结构、合理分配食物的热量占比,均衡食物的营养摄入,适量摄入蛋白质、脂肪,从而改善老年T2DM患者的血糖指标,提高生活质量及临床疗效,降低不良事件发生率,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the influence of dietary and nutritional adjustment on the efficacy and safety of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in the elderly.Methods 80 cases of elderly T2DM patients were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the different treatment methods,with 40 cases in both groups.The control group received routine hypoglycemic treatment,while the observation group received dietary and nutritional adjustments based on the control group.Patients in both groups were compared in terms of blood glucose indicators[fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial glucose(2 h PG),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)]and quality of life before and after treatment,occurrence of adverse events,and clinical efficacy.Results After treatment,FPG,2 hPG and HbA1c in the observation group were(6.69±0.02)mmol/L,(8.16±0.48)mmol/L and(7.71±0.06)%,which were lower than(7.01±0.06)mmol/L,(9.08±0.07)mmol/L and(8.12±0.15)%in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the scores of energy and vitality,life satisfaction,diet control and diabetes control in the observation group were(4.56±0.08),(13.69±1.05),(5.69±0.36)and(7.33±1.16)points,which were lower than(5.23±0.06),(15.48±1.94),(6.23±0.49)and(8.45±1.03)points in the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups(P>0.05).The total effective rate of 95.00%in the observation group was higher than 75.00%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary and nutritional adjustments can improve the glycemic index of elderly T2DM patients,improve the quality of life and clinical efficacy,and reduce the incidence of adverse events by adjusting the dietary structure of patients,reasonably allocating the proportion of food calories,balancing the nutrient intake of food,and moderating the intake of proteins and fats,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.