初产妇镇痛分娩选择意愿及相关影响因素调查

Survey on the willingness to choose analgesia delivery of primiparas and analysis of its related influence factors

目的:了解初产妇镇痛分娩选择意愿情况并分析相关影响因素。方法:选取2020年10月-2024年2月本院接收分娩的初产孕妇198例,末次产前检查时采用一般资料调查问卷调查,依据初产孕妇意愿分为有意愿组、无意愿组。以分娩恐惧量表(CAQ)了解分娩恐惧情况,以手持式压力计测量疼痛阈值,采用描述性单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析初产孕妇镇痛分娩选择意愿的相关影响因素。结果:共发放调查问卷198份,有效回收187份,有效回收率94.4%。187例初产孕妇中,分娩前有镇痛分娩选择意愿者92例(49.2%)、无镇痛分娩选择意愿者95例(50.8%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,文化程度高、在职、配偶同意均可对初产孕妇镇痛分娩选择意愿产生正向影响,疼痛阈值高可产生负向影响(均P<0.05)。结论:初产孕妇镇痛分娩意向选择率仍有较大提升空间,影响初产孕妇镇痛分娩选择意愿的因素可能为文化程度、职业、配偶意愿及疼痛阈值等,临床应据此及早采取应对措施,以推进镇痛分娩的应用。

Objective:To understand the willingness of primiparas to choose the analgesia delivery,and to analyze its related influencing factors.Methods:A total of 198 primiparas admitted to the hospital from October 2020 to February 2024 were selected as the study subjects.The general information questionnaire was used to investigate these primiparas at their last prenatal examination.According to whether the primiparous had the willingness to choose analgesia delivery or not,these primiparas were divided into the group A(primiparas with the willingness to choose analgesia delivery)and group B(primiparas without the willingness to choose analgesia delivery).The fear of childbirth scale(CAQ)was used to understand the fear of childbirth of the primiparas.The pain threshold of the primiparas was measured by hand-held pressure gauge.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the related influencing factors of the willingness to choose analgesia delivery of the primiparas.Results:A total of 198 questionnaires were distributed,and 187 questionnaires were effectively recovered,with the effective recovery rate of 94.4%.Among 187 primiparas,92(49.2%)primiparas had the willingness to choose analgesia delivery before delivery,and 95(50.8%)primiparas had no the willingness to choose painless labor before delivery.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the higher education level,the occupation and the spouse's consent of the primiparas had the positive impacts on their willingness to choose analgesic delivery,and the high pain threshold of the primiparas had the negative impact(all P<0.05).Conclusion:There is still much room for the improvement on the choice rate of the analgesia delivery intention of the primiparous.The factors affecting the choice intention of the analgesia delivery of the primiparous may be their education level,occupation,spouse's consent and pain threshold,so the clinical measures should be taken as soon as possible to promote the application of analgesia delivery of the primiparas.