俄罗斯历史剧的演变进程

The Evolution of Russian Historical Drama

俄罗斯历史剧发端于17世纪下半叶,经历18世纪的巴洛克文学、古典主义和感伤主义思潮,在19世纪以普希金、亚·奥斯特洛夫斯基、阿·康·托尔斯泰为代表进入“黄金时代”,在20世纪出现以革命、领袖与爱国为核心话语的“革命历史剧”题材,在后苏联时期形成以“宫廷剧”和“历史传记剧”为代表的戏剧转型。俄罗斯历史剧的发展演变深刻关联俄罗斯文学转型、历史变迁、思想话语等多重因素,兼具历史文献性、文学审美性、人道思想性和文化反思性,在俄罗斯思想场和文学场中始终表现出对人类终极困境的独特思考,张扬着强烈的国家意识与深邃的思想性。

The Russian historical drama began in the second half of the 17th century,went through baroque literature,classicism and sentimentalism in the 18th century,then entered the“golden age”in the 19th century with A.A.Pushkin,A.N.Ostrovsky and A.K.Tolstoy as its representatives,and in the 20th century the subject of“revolutionary historical drama”emerged,and it was transformed in the post-Soviet period by the“court drama”and the“historical biographical drama”.The transformation of the Russian historical drama is profoundly linked to the transformation of Russian literature,historical changes and ideological discourse,combining historical documentation,literary aesthetics,humane thought,theatrical performance and cultural reflection.It is a unique reflection on the existence of man and the ultimate dilemma of mankind,which is always expressed in the field of Russian thought and literature,with a strong national consciousness and profound thoughtfulness.