树立大语法的观念

Five Questions and Answers on Macro--sgrammar

本文依次回答五个问题:1)什么是大语法,涉及“字本位”“大名词”和“对言格式”。2)为什么要树立大语法观,涉及科学探索的问题导向和“简单原则”。3)大语法如何超越,涉及“音形义用一体”,“字词句篇贯通”,“传情达意不二”,“历时共时一致”。4)大语法的哲学基础,涉及形而上(本体论)、范畴观(认识论)、逻辑。5)大语法观的普遍意义:深刻认识语言的本性,丰富和发展语言类型学,深化语言起源和演化的研究,有利于发展高阶和动态逻辑。

The paper intends to answer five questions related to Macro-grammar.1)What is Macro-grammar?The answer touches upon sinogram(word-syllable)as the basic unit of Chinese,super-noun category,and format of dui-speech(referring to both dialogue and parallel expression).The fact that sinogram is the basic unit of Chinese means that in the minds of Chinese people,each sinogram is equivalent:they are all monosyllabic,with clear syllable boundaries,carrying meaning,having complete tones,with roughly equal loudness and length,and occupying a square when written.The super-noun category in Macro-grammar refers to noun as both root and origin.This is the theoretical basis of Chinese Macro-grammar that goes beyond the subject-predicate format and has the format of dui-speech as the structural backbone of Chinese.2)Why do we need Macro-grammar?The answer is related to problem-oriented research and the principle of simplicity.Macro-grammar embraces the principle of simplicity and applies it in scientific research,which will undoubtedly contribute to the deepening of language evolution studies.3)How does Macro-grammar go beyond the current grammar?The answer involves four respects which are(i)merge of phonology,syntax,semantics and pragmatics;(i)isostructuralism of word,phrase,sentence and text;(ii)simultaneous conveyance of feeling and ideas;(iv)consistency between synchronic and diachronic dimensions.4)What is the philosophical foundation of Macro-grammar?It is stated from metaphysics(ontology),view of category and categorization(epistemology),and logic.Western philosophy is engaged in metaphysical speculation on being,while Chinese pre-Qin Mingjia approached metaphysical speculation through reflection on you(becoming).The concept of you(becoming)and wu(non-becoming)are the core concepts in the ontology of traditional Chinese philosophy.As the foundation of Chinese Macro-grammar logic,the 0-2 logic or dui-speech logic is a high-order logic that encompasses and surpasses first-order predicate logic.Through comparison between English and Chinese,it is found that English also needs O-2 logic in order to cover all the facts because all languages are rooted in dialogue and interaction.A thorough study of the elements of 0-2 logic will deepen our understanding of the hypothetical universal grammar of language.5)What is the universal significance of Macro-grammar?It lies in better knowledge of the nature of language,enrichment of linguistic typology,deeper understanding of origin and evolution of language,and development of high order and dynamic logic.In summary,establishing Macro-grammar and expanding linguistic research accordingly will deepen our understanding of the nature of human language and the laws of language evolution,and improve our assumptions and simulations of universal grammar.