Müller细胞胶质间质转化在视网膜纤维化疾病中的作用

Roles of Müller glial-mesenchymal transition in retinal fibrosis diseases

胶质细胞间质转化(GMT)指胶质细胞在各种因素刺激下逐渐获得间质细胞表型和特征的生物学过程,与视网膜纤维化疾病密切相关。Müller细胞是视网膜上最主要的大胶质细胞,在受到各种病理因素刺激时被激活并发生转分化。目前,已有研究表明,Müller细胞GMT与糖尿病视网膜病变、特发性黄斑前膜(iERM)、年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)、增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)等多种疾病密切相关。尽管GMT相关调控机制尚不完全明确,但其作为一个潜在的干预靶点,具有良好的研究前景。了解Müller细胞GMT在视网膜疾病中的研究进展,能够为多种视网膜疾病的早期诊断和治疗提供新思路,对于全面揭示细胞转型家族在视网膜疾病中的交互作用具有重要的临床和科学意义。

Glial-mesenchymal transition(GMT)is a biological process of transdifferentiation where endothelial cells gradually adopt the phenotypic characteristics of mesenchymal cells under the influence of various factors.GMT is closely associated with retinal fibrosis diseases.Müller cells,the predominant retinal macroglia,undergo activation and transdifferentiation in response to diverse stimuli and pathological conditions.Researches indicate that GMT plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of diseases such as diabetic retinopathy(DR),idiopathic epiretinal membrane(iERM),age-related macular degeneration(ARMD),and proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR).Although the exact mechanism of GMT is not well understood,it has showed great promise as potential target.Clarifying the research progress of GMT provides new ideas in the early diagnosis and treatments of retinal diseases,which is clinically and scientifically important for revealing interactive effects of cell transdifferentiation families in retinal diseases.