深部地质钻进过程地层特征参数建模与安全预警研究进展

Advances in research on stratigraphic characteristic parameter modeling and safety early warning for deep geological drilling processes

【意义】新一轮找矿突破战略行动持续开展,资源勘探向地球深部进军。深部地层的岩石种类多样,岩石力学参数复杂难测,存在高温、高压、高地应力的复杂环境,易发生钻具失效、井壁坍塌、井漏、井涌等井下事故,给地质钻探带来了挑战。【进展】针对复杂地质环境的感知与建模问题,从地层可钻性、地层压力建模两方面梳理地层特征参数建模的研究现状,依据可钻性和压力两个关键地层特征参数,为地质钻进过程的工艺调整和效率优化提供指导;围绕地质钻进过程安全、高效的需求,从井壁稳定评估、井下故障监测两方面讨论地质钻进过程安全预警的研究进展,通过钻进过程的安全预警技术,帮助司钻人员及时发现并辨别已发生的井下事故,提前辨别并消除潜在的安全隐患。【展望】面对深部地层更加复杂、严苛的地质条件,地层特征参数模型将在地质钻探各个环节发挥更加重要的作用,钻进过程安全预警将成为新一代智能化地质钻进装备的核心技术。在未来,需要构建以地质勘探数据中台为核心的智能地质勘探系统,发挥数据在地质勘探和矿产开发全流程中的关键作用,推动人工智能技术在地质钻进过程优化、地层环境感知与找矿预测领域的落地应用,为地质钻探的安全和高效开展提供保障。

[Significance]As the new round of national exploration&development planning continues,resource explora-tion is advancing toward the deep Earth.However,deep strata exhibit diverse rock types,which complicate the measure-ment of rock mechanical parameters.Furthermore,the harsh environments of these strata,characterized by high temper-atures,high pressures,and high in-situ stress,are prone to induce downhole accidents like drilling tool failure,wellbore collapse,loss of circulation,and well kicks,posing challenges to geological drilling.[Advances]Aiming at the percep-tion and modeling of complex geological environments,this study reviews the existing studies on the modeling of strati-graphic characteristic parameters from the perspective of formation drillability and formation pressure,aiming to provide guidance for the technique adjustment and efficiency optimization of geological drilling processes based on these two key characteristic parameters.To satisfy the demands for safe and efficient geological drilling,this study explores the ad-vances in research on the safety early warning of the geological drilling process from two perspectives:wellbore stabil-ity assessment and downhole failure monitoring.The safety early warning technology allows drillers to promptly find and identify downhole accidents and,accordingly,eliminate potential safety hazards in advance.[Prospects]Under the more complex and harsh geologic conditions of deep strata compared to those of shallow ones,the models of stratigraph-ic characteristic parameters will play a more significant role in the geological drilling process,and the safety early warn-ing technology will act as the core technology in the next generation of intelligent geological drilling equipment.In the future,it is necessary to build an intelligent geological exploration system with the geological exploration data platform as the core,make data play a key role in the whole process of geological exploration and mineral exploitation,and pro-mote the application of artificial intelligence in the optimization of the geological drilling process,the perception of stratigraphic environments,and prospecting predictions.The purpose is to ensure safe and efficient geological drilling.