吸烟对健康人群种植体周围微生物多样性及其功能的影响

To investigate the effects of smoking on microbial diversity and function around dental implants in healthy subjects

目的:探究吸烟对健康人群种植体周围早期微生物的影响,为吸烟影响种植体周围炎发生提供理论依据。方法:随机分别选取有吸烟习惯(10例)和无吸烟习惯(8例)种植患者,采集这些患者的种植体周围龈沟液,并利用宏基因组学测序技术对菌群DNA样品进行测序,分析比较吸烟者和非吸烟者种植体周围微生物组成谱、数目和种类的差异,并预测其主要生物功能。结果:非吸烟组和吸烟组患者的种植体周围微生物组成谱不同,在数目方面,非吸烟组特有的微生物种类数目为203种,而吸烟组特有的微生物种类为373种(P<0.05)。在种类方面,非吸烟组患者种植体周围的主要优势菌群包括芽孢杆菌、乳杆菌属、梭状芽孢杆菌、嗜血杆菌属和放线菌属,而吸烟组患者植体周围的主要优势菌群包括棒状杆菌、龈乳杆菌、厌氧菌和厌氧球菌、协同菌科、脱硫叶菌属、类杆菌属和厌氧绳菌等共19类菌群(P<0.05)。在功能方面,非吸烟组优势菌主要与环境信息处理、信号转导和免疫反应等有关,而吸烟组优势菌主要与遗传物质改变,如基因重组和代谢相关通路的改变有关(P<0.05)。结论:吸烟会通过改变种植体周围微生物的遗传物质和代谢相关通路从而导致菌群种类及数目的增加。

Objective:To investigate the effect of smoking on peri⁃implantitis in healthy population,and to provide theoretical basis for the effect of smoking on peri⁃implantitis.Methods:Peri⁃implant gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from smokers(n=10)and non⁃smokers(n=8),and the DNA samples of the bacterial flora were sequenced by metagenomic sequencing technology.The differences in the composition spectrum,number and species of microorganisms around implants between smokers and non⁃smokers were analyzed and their main biological functions were predicted.Results:There were significant differences in the microbial profiles between the non⁃smoking group and the smoking group.The number of specific microbial species was 203 in the non⁃smoking group and 373 in the smoking group(P<0.05).In terms of species,the dominant bacterial flora around the implant in the non⁃smoking group in⁃cluded Bacillus,Lactobacillus,Clostridium,Haemophilus and Actinomyces,while the dominant bacterial flora around the implant in the smoking group included Corynebacterium,Lactobacillus gingivalis,Anaerobes and Anaerobic cocci,Synbacteraceae,Desulfuria,and Ac⁃tinomyces,Bacteroides genus and Anaerobic rope bacteria and other 19 kinds of bacteria in all(P<0.05).In terms of function,the domi⁃nant bacteria in the non⁃smoking group were mainly related to environmental information processing,signal transduction and immune response,while the dominant bacteria in the smoking group were mainly related to genetic material changes such as gene recombination and changes in metabolism⁃related pathways(P<0.05).Conclusions:Smoking can increase the variety and number of peri⁃implant microbial flora by changing the genetic material and metabolism⁃related pathways.