地权稳定是否促进农村地区青少年受教育程度提升?

Does Land Tenure Security Improve the Educational Attainment Level of Teenagers in Rural Areas?

促进农村地区人力资本投资是落实乡村人才振兴战略的重要基础,维护农地产权稳定是乡村振兴背景下农村土地制度改革的方向。以2003年《农村土地承包法》出台作为外生政策冲击,采用队列DID方法分析地权稳定性增强对农村地区青少年受教育程度的影响。研究发现,地权稳定性增强会显著促进青少年完成高中阶段学历教育。机制分析表明,地权稳定主要通过劳动力非农转移渠道,缓解家庭教育支出的资金约束,对个人受教育程度产生积极影响;劳动力非农转移效应在经济发展水平较高地区家庭的作用较为明显。因此,稳定农村土地产权不仅有助于惠农富农,还有助于促进农村地区人力资本提升。

The promotion of human capital investment is essential for rural revitalization,while maintaining stable farmland property rights represents the direction of rural land system reform under the background of rural revitalization.This study takes the implementation of Law of the People’s Republic of China on Land Contract in Rural Areas as a policy influence,and uses Cohort-DID method to study the impact of land tenure on educational attainment of youth in rural areas.It is found that increased land rights stability significantly promotes the completion of high school education among rural youth.Furthermore,mechanism analysis reveals that land rights stability exerts a positive influence on individual educational attainment primarily through the channel of labor’s non-agricultural transfer,which alleviates financial constraints on household education expenditures.The effect of labor’s non-agricultural transfer is more pronounced in households located in regions with higher levels of economic development.Therefore,land tenure security not only benefits farmers economically,but also contributes to the enhancement of human capital in rural areas.