西藏高原零碳太阳能区域供暖新模式与实践

New model and practice of zero-carbon solar district heating in Xizang Plateau

西藏高原冬季寒冷漫长,煤炭、天然气等常规能源储量近乎为零,建筑供暖挑战极大。然而,当地太阳能资源极其丰富,具备利用太阳能实现建筑零碳供暖的先决条件。针对西藏高原“绿洲型”县城和乡镇,对“规模化太阳能集热+大型水体蓄热+建筑围护结构差异化保温+南北分环独立供暖”全链条零碳太阳能区域供暖模式进行了探索,阐述了规模化太阳能集热技术与产品、大型蓄热水体容量配置与高效蓄取热技术、建筑围护结构“差异化保温”设计方法、南北分环双独立供暖新系统等成套关键支撑技术与方法,并介绍了供暖新模式在西藏高原的工程实践经验与成效。

The Xizang Plateau has a long and cold winter,and the reserves of conventional energy such as coal and natural gas are nearly zero,making building heating a great challenge.However,the local solar energy resources are extremely rich,so there are prerequisites for using solar energy to achieve zero-carbon heating of buildings.Aiming at the"oasis type"counties and towns on the Xizang Plateau,we explores a whole chain zero-carbon solar district heating model of"large-scale solar heat collection+large-scale water heat storage+differentiated insulation of building envelope+separate heating circuits for the north and sourth rooms".We elaborata complete set of key support technologies and methods such as large-scale solar heat collection technology and products,capacity configuration of large-scale hot water storage and efficient heat storage and extraction technology,"differentiated insulation"design method of building envelope structure,and a new double independent heating system with separate south and north pipe network circuits.The practical experience and effect of the new heating model in Xizang Plateau are also introduced.