用于农宅供暖的三角形太阳能空气集热器集热性能研究

Study on the thermal collection performance of triangular solar air collector for rural residence heating

用于农宅供暖的太阳能空气集热器均为平板型,通常安装于农宅南墙外侧,但农宅南墙除了门窗外,可用于安装集热器的面积有限,所以集热量也有限。为此,设计一种可安装在南、东、西墙的新型三角形太阳能集热器,以提高对太阳能资源的利用率。基于有限体积-能量法,建立了集热器的光学模型;联合光学模型,构建集热器的动态传热模型,并通过实验验证了模型的准确性;分析了集热器安装在农宅南、东、西墙的集热性能,并与传统贴墙安装平板太阳能空气集热器以及倾斜安装平板太阳能空气集热器进行了对比。结果发现,集热器安装在农宅东墙和西墙的集热量约为安装在南墙的60%和80%;三角形太阳能空气集热器安装在南墙的供暖季集热量比贴墙安装平板太阳能空气集热器高33.5%,比倾斜安装平板太阳能空气集热器高15.0%。

The solar air collectors used for heating rural residence are all flat plate types,which are usually installed on the outside of the south wall of rural residence,but the area that can be used to install collectors on the south wall of rural residence is limited except for doors and windows,so the heat collection is also limited.To this end,a new triangular solar collector that can be installed on the south,east and west walls was designed to improve the utilization rate of solar energy resources.Based on the finite volume-energy method,the optical model of the collector was established.Combined with the optical model,the dynamic heat transfer model of the collector was constructed,and the accuracy of the model was verified by experiments.The thermal collection performance of the collector installed on the south,east and west walls of the farmhouse was analyzed,and the results were then compared with the traditional flat panel solar air collector mounted on the wall and the flat panel solar air collector installed on the inclined side.It is found that the heat collection of the collector installed on the east and west walls of the farmhouse is about 60%and 80%of that installed on the south wall.The triangular solar air collector installed on the south wall has a 33.5%higher heating season than the wall-mounted flat panel solar air collector and 15.0%higher than the tilted flat panel solar air collector.