不同电价模式下独栋住宅的光伏-储能系统运行策略及效果分析

Operation strategy and effect analysis of photovoltaic-energy storage system for single residential buildings under different electricity price models

为了解不同电价模式下,光伏-储能系统在独栋住宅应采取的运行策略以及运行效果,对样本建筑用电量和光伏系统发电量进行建模,针对阶梯电价和分时电价2种情景,为光伏-储能系统制定了常规运行模式和混合运行模式2种运行策略。随后,给出了1000~2500元/(kW·h)4种储能单价下,独栋住宅光伏-储能系统经济性指标净现值(net present value,NPV)和自消纳率(self consumption rate,SC)随储能容量增长的变化趋势并进行了分析。结果表明:光伏装机容量越大,NPV初始值越高。在常规运行模式下,不同装机容量下的光伏系统自消纳率随着储能容量的变大而逐渐提高,而在混合运行模式下,自消纳率基本不随储能容量增加而变化。在2种运行模式下,仅考虑经济性的最优储能容量均位于NPV曲线最高点,并且不同的光伏装机容量都会导致NPV初始值和排序的不同。

To understand the operational strategies and effects of photovoltaic-energy storage systems in standalone residential buildings under different electricity pricing modes,a model was developed for the electricity consumption of sample buildings and the power generation of photovoltaic systems.Two operational strategies,namely regular operation mode and mixed operation mode,were developed for photovoltaic-energy storage systems under two scenarios:tiered electricity pricing and time of use electricity pricing.Subsequently,the economic indicators net present value(NPV)and self consumption rate(SC)of the photovoltaic-energy storage system for single family residential buildings were analyzed for four energy storage unit prices ranging from 1000 to 2500 yuan/(kW·h)as the energy storage capacity increased.The results show that the larger the installed capacity of photovoltaic,the higher the initial NPV value.In the conventional operating mode,the self consumption rate of photovoltaic systems with different installed capacities gradually increases with the increase of energy storage capacity,while in the mixed operating mode,the self absorption rate basically does not change with the increase of energy storage capacity.In both operating modes,the optimal energy storage capacity considering only economy is located at the highest point of the NPV curve,and different photovoltaic installed capacities will result in different initial values and rankings of NPV.