试论土耳其正义与发展党意识形态的发展及其影响

On the Development and Influences of Türkiye Justice and Development Party’s Ideology

自2002年上台执政以来,在前两个任期内,土耳其正义与发展党的意识形态可以概括为“保守的民主”。从2011年第三个任期开始,土耳其正义与发展党意识形态更加强调伊斯兰主义和民族主义,将二者融合为土耳其伊斯兰—民族主义,并对其内政外交产生诸多影响。在内政方面,表现为对以军方为代表的世俗主义力量的压制,伊斯兰主义在社会生活领域的回归,新奥斯曼主义的兴起等;在外交方面,表现为土耳其加速回归中东(奥斯曼帝国势力范围),宗教因素成为塑造其外交政策的核心力量。

Since coming to power in 2002,during the first two terms,the Türkiye Justice and Development Party’s ideology can be summarized as“conservative democracy”.Starting from its third term in 2011,the Türkiye Justice and Development Party’s ideology has put more emphasis on Islamism and nationalism,integrating the two into Türkiye’s Islam-nationalism,and has had many influences on its internal affairs and diplomacy.In terms of internal affairs,it is manifested in the suppression of secularist forces represented by the military,the return of Islamism in the field of social life,and the rise of Neo-Ottomanism;in terms of diplomacy,Türkiye accelerated its return to the Middle East(the sphere of influence of the Ottoman Empire),and religious factors have become the core forces shaping its foreign policy.