刑事诉讼中电子签名捺印的应用与完善

Practical Issue and Improvement of Electronic Signature Sealing in Criminal Proceedings

司法案卷数字化是司法数字化转型的基础,域外司法实践中探索引入程序便利化技术措施,以电子签名捺印等认证形式保障诉讼中相关电子文件的合法性和真实性。这种从物理认证到数字认证方式的转变,有助于在刑事诉讼中构建以电子签名捺印等数字技术应用为基础的数字信任体系。可靠的电子签名捺印具有代替传统认证方式的能力,认证形式的改变不影响其身份识别与公文认可功能。针对电子签名捺印在法律层面存在的自愿性、真实性风险,以及实践中遇到的软硬件兼容性、安全性挑战,需要明确电子签名捺印在刑事诉讼中的使用原则,强化过程监督,统一建设标准,打通数据壁垒,健全防护体系,以此助力数字正义的实现。

Judicial practices abroad are exploring the introduction of procedural facilitation technological measures as the basis for the digital transformation of the judiciary.Authentication forms such as electronic signatures and fingerprints are employed to ensure the legality and authenticity of relevant electronic documents in litigation.This shift from physical to digital authentication modalities contributes to the construction of a digital trust system based on the application of digital technologies like electronic signatures and fingerprints in criminal litigation.Reliable electronic signatures and fingerprints possess the capability to substitute traditional authentication methods,and the alteration in the form of authentication does not impact their functions of identity recognition and official document validation.In response to the risks regarding the voluntariness and authenticity of electronic signatures and fingerprints at the legal level,as well as the challenges of software and hardware compatibility and security encountered in practice,it is imperative to clarify the principles for the utilization of electronic signatures and fingerprints in criminal litigation,enhance process supervision,unify construction standards,dismantle data barriers,and enhance the protection system,thereby facilitating the attainment of digital justice.