基于ERP证据的中日同形词语义通达机制及教学启示

Semantic Access Mechanism and Teaching Enlightenment of Chinese and Japanese Homographs Based on ERP Evidence

基于语义判断任务和大脑事件相关电位技术,探讨中国学习者加工中日同形同义词、同形异义词和非中文词三种不同词形的语义表征路径。研究发现,中国学习者可以较快加工同形同义词,同形异义词最容易产生误用,非中文词介于中间;同形同义词和同形异义词的N400振幅小于非中文词,源分析发现加工同形异义词时产生额叶激活;非中文词的词汇层可以单独直通概念层,同形同义词的一语和二语词汇层以紧密联结的形式直通概念层,同形异义词一语和二语词汇层保持一定的联结,并分别以强弱不同的形式通达概念层,同时两种语言概念层的语义间存在竞争关系。以上结果表明不同词形的语义表征路径不同,需要采取针对性教学措施提升不同类型同形词的学习效果。

Based on semantic judgment task and brain event-related potential(ERP)technology,this study explored the semantic representation paths of Chinese learners in processing isomorphic synonyms,homonyms,and non-Chinese words.The findings are as follows.Chinese learners have a greater advantage in processing isomorphic synonyms than non-Chinese words,while homonyms are prone to be misused.The N400 amplitudes of isomorphic synonyms and homonyms were smaller than those of non-Chinese words,and frontal lobe activation was found in the processing of homonyms.The lexical level of non-Chinese words can be directly connected to the conceptual level.The first language and second language lexical levels of isomorphic synonyms are closely connected to the conceptual level.The first language and second language lexical levels of homonyms maintain a certain connection and reach the conceptual level through different paths.At the same time,there is competition between the semantics of the conceptual levels of the two languages.The above results indicate that the semantic representation paths are different for isomorphic synonyms,homonyms,and non-Chinese words and we need to take targeted teaching measures to improve the learning effect of different types of homographs.