炎症性肠病相关支气管扩张的研究进展

Research progress of inflammatory bowel disease-associated bronchiectasis

炎症性肠病(IBD)相关的肺损伤最常累及气道,其中以支气管扩张的发生率最高。同时,在肺部疾病患者中,IBD的发病率呈现出显著上升趋势。这提示IBD与肺部疾病之间可能存在的双向联系,也就是"肺肠轴"的潜在关联。目前IBD相关支气管扩张的发病机制尚不清楚,临床上也缺乏有效的监测和预防手段。因此,本文将IBD相关支气管扩张的发病机制进行阐述,重点探讨在IBD相关支气管扩张背景下肺肠轴的作用,特别是免疫应答和微生物群失衡如何影响肠道和气道的慢性炎症。

The pulmonary complications associated with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)predominantly affect the airways,with bronchiectasis being the most frequently observed condition.Concurrently,there is a notable increase in the prevalence of IBD among individuals with pulmonary disorders.This trend suggests a possible reciprocal relationship between IBD and pulmonary diseases,indicative of the"gut-lung axis"at play.The etiology of bronchiectasis in the context of IBD remains elusive,and there is a dearth of effective clinical tools for monitoring and prevention.This paper delves into the pathogenesis of IBD-related bronchiectasis,with a particular emphasis on the role of the gut-lung axis in this scenario.It scrutinizes the impact of immune responses and dysbiosis of the microbiome on the chronic inflammation observed in both the intestinal tract and the respiratory system.