翻译汉语和语言接触对原创汉语影响的语料库多维分析

A corpus-based multidimensional analysis of the impact of translational Chinese and language contact on originally written Chinese

翻译和语言接触都可能引起原创语言的变化,但二者影响的程度和范围尚不清楚。本文通过考察同一历史时期(1930年前后十年)的翻译文本、双语作家文本、单语作家文本和前一时期(清末民初)的原创汉语文本,分析翻译汉语和三类原创汉语文本的语体特征,比较翻译和语言接触给原创汉语带来的影响。研究表明:1)与同时期的原创汉语文本相比,翻译文本呈现“受限”特征,具有更高的信息详述性、交互性、即时信息加工等特征。2)翻译文本既呈现出先于原创文本的先导性,也存在规范性特征。3)单、双语作家文本之间的差异不显著;在多项语言特征上,翻译文本与单语作家文本更为接近,翻译对目标语的影响似比语言接触的影响更为显著。本研究认为,翻译文本不同于一般语言接触变体,其自身的“受限”特征可能会影响部分目标语语言特征。

Both translation and language contact can induce language changes;however,the extent and scope of their influence remain unclear.This study examines texts in the same historical period(around the 1930s),including translated Chinese texts and bilingual and monolingual writers'texts,and compares them with original Chinese texts in an earlier period(the late Qing to the early Republican era).The aim is to investigate the register features of Chinese texts in translations and original works and compare the influences of translation and language contact on the development of original Chinese in later works.The study reveals the following:1)Compared to the two types of original Chinese texts,translated texts exhibit more“constrained”features,characterized by a higher level of explicit information,involvement,and on-line informational elaboration;2)The translated Chinese texts demonstrate a pioneering role,showing features before they appear in original Chinese texts,and a tendency toward normalization;3)The differences between monolingual and bilingual writers'texts are not statistically significant,and the translated Chinese texts are closer to those of monolingual writers along several dimensions,suggesting that the influence of translation on the target language may be more pronounced than that of language contact.This study suggests that translated texts differ from texts of a general language contact variety,and their inherent“constrained”features may influence certain linguistic features of the target language.