2018—2022年西藏自治区居民乙型肝炎发病趋势分析

Trend of hepatitis B incidence among residents of Xizang Autonomous Region,2018–2022:a surveillance data analysis

目的分析2018—2022年西藏自治区居民乙型肝炎(简称“乙肝”)发病趋势,为制定乙肝防控策略提供参考依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统乙肝监测系统中2018年1月1日—2022年12月31日西藏自治区报告的乙肝发病数据,对该地区居民2018—2022年的乙肝发病趋势进行分析。结果西藏自治区居民2018、2019、2020、2021和2022年的乙肝报告发病率依次为80.14/10万、111.07/10万、121.69/10万、129.10/10万和100.20/10万,2018—2022年西藏自治区居民乙肝报告发病率总体呈上升趋势(χ趋势2=48.225,P_(趋势)<0.001)。男性和女性居民2018—2022年乙肝报告发病率均呈上升趋势(均P_(趋势)<0.001),分别从2018年的72.84/10万和87.60/10万上升至2022年的86.38/10万和103.43/10万。40~<50、50~<60和≥60岁居民2018—2022年乙肝报告发病率均呈上升趋势(均P_(趋势)<0.001),分别从2018年的80.88/10万、83.40/10万和81.30/10万上升至2022年的117.74/10万、116.74/10万和188.44/10万;0~<10和30~<40岁居民2018—2022年乙肝报告发病率均呈下降趋势(均P_(趋势)<0.05),分别从2018年的30.72/10万和105.60/10万下降至2022年的13.92/10万和104.54/10万。拉萨市、日喀则市、昌都市、那曲市和阿里地区居民2018—2022年乙肝报告发病率均呈上升趋势(均P_(趋势)<0.05),分别从2018年的145.37/10万、8.90/10万、87.18/10万、47.29/10万和155.03/10万上升至2022年的150.36/10万、12.59/10万、143.64/10万、93.41/10万和348.36/10万;林芝市居民2018—2022年乙肝报告发病率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=9.890,P_(趋势)=0.002),从2018年的181.65/10万下降至2022年的118.53/10万。西藏自治区居民2018—2022年慢性乙肝和未分型乙肝报告发病率均呈上升趋势(均P_(趋势)<0.001),分别从2018年的58.26/10万和13.49/10万上升至2022年的65.32/10万和21.55/10万。结论2018—2022年西藏自治区居民乙肝报告发病率总体呈上升趋势,尤其应重点关注慢性乙肝和未分型乙肝的防控工作,≥40岁居民为该地区乙肝防控的重点人群。

Objective To analyze the trend of hepatitis B incidence among residents of Xizang Autonomous Region from 2018 to 2022,to provide a reference for the development of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies.Methods Data on reported hepatitis B incidence among residents of Xizang Autonomous Region from 2018 to 2022 were collected from the Hepatitis B Surveillance System of the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,and the trend of hepatitis B incidence in the population during this period was analyzed.Results The reported annual incidence rate(1/100000)of hepatitis B among residents of Xizang Autonomous Region was 80.14,111.07,121.69,129.10,and 100.20 in 2018,2019,2020,2021,and 2022,respectively,with an overall increasing trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=48.225,Ptrend<0.001),and the rate increased for both male(72.84 to 86.38)and female(87.60 to 103.43)residents(both Ptrend<0.001)and for residents aged 40–49 years(80.88 to 117.74),50–59 years(83.40 to 116.74),and≥60 years(81.30 to 188.44)(all Ptrend<0.001)over the period;but the rate decreased for residents aged 0–9 years(30.72 to 13.92)and 30–39 years(105.60 to 104.54)(both Ptrend<0.05).The reported annual incidence rate(1/100000)of hepatitis B increased during the period for residents of all prefecture-level administrative divisions of Xizang Autonomous Region,including Lhasa(145.37 to 150.36),Shigatse(8.90 to12.59),Changdu(87.18 to 143.64),Naqu(47.29 to 93.41),and Ali(155.03 to 348.36)(all Ptrend<0.05),except for residents in Linzhi,whose rate decreased from 181.65 to 118.53(χ^(2)_(trend)=9.890,Ptrend=0.002).Both the reported incidence rates(1/100000)of chronic hepatitis B and unclassified hepatitis B among residents of Xizang Autonomous Region showed an increasing trend over the 5-year period,from 58.26 and 13.49 to 65.32 and 21.55(both Ptrend<0.001).Conclusion The overall reported incidence rate of hepatitis B,including chronic and unclassified hepatitis B,among residents of Xizang Autonomous Region showed an upward trend from 2018 to 2022 and the residents aged 40 years and above are the key population for hepatitis B prevention and control in this region.