2022年内蒙古吸毒人群哨点监测丙型肝炎感染状况及基因分型分析

Prevalence of HCV infection and prevalent genotypes of HCV among drug users in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,2022:a sentinel surveillance-based cross-sectional survey

目的了解内蒙古地区吸毒人群丙型肝炎(HCV)病毒感染状况及基因分型。方法采用横断面调查方法,于2022年4-6月在巴彦淖尔市、呼和浩特市、包头市、乌海市和鄂尔多斯市的艾滋病哨点监测期内,对新管制的吸毒者进行问卷调查与实验室检测。计数资料用构成比描述,采用χ^(2)检验进行组间比较、多因素logistic回归分析吸毒人群HCV感染的危险因素。结果本次共调查1659人,HCV感染率为13.62%,以男性、已婚或同居、户籍为本地、初中及以下文化程度、汉族为主,基因分型以1b,3a和3b为主;各基因亚型的HCV RNA病毒载量以中、高病毒载量为主。注射毒品吸毒HCV感染风险是非注射吸毒的2.994倍(95%CI=2.243~3.995),注射毒品且共用针具吸毒的HCV感染风险是非共用针具吸毒的8.217倍(95%CI=4.128~16.355)。结论内蒙古地区吸毒人群HCV基因分型以1b和3a亚型为主,3a亚型病毒载量较高;应加强对毒品的管控及吸毒人员的定期检测和治疗,及时发现和干预HCV感染。

Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection and the genotypes of prevalent HCV among drug users in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Inner Mongolia).Methods A crosssectional survey was conducted from April to June 2022 among all newly admitted drug users(n=1659)at AIDS sentinel surveillance sites in four cities of Inner Mongolia.Participants were interviewed and blood samples were collected for relevant information,anti-HCV/HCV nucleic acid detection,and genotyping of HCV RNA-positive specimens.Enumeration data were described by using proportions,and the chi-squared test was taken for comparisons between groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify risk factors for HCV infection among drug users.Results Among 1659 drug users aged 43.67±9.52 years,98.01%were male;89.33%were of Han ethnicity;85.65%had local household registration;46.05%were married or cohabiting;and 73.54%reported education of junior high school and below.HCV infection was diagnosed in 13.62%of all drug users.The most common HCV genotypes among HCV-infected individuals were 1b,3a,and 3b,and the majority of infections with different genotypes had intermediate or high HCV RNA viral loads.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that injecting and needle-sharing drug users had a significantly increased risk of HCV infection compared with those without the two drug use behaviors,with odds ratios(95%confidence intervals)of 2.994(2.243–3.995)and 8.217(4.128–16.355),respectively.Conclusion The prevalent HCV genotypes among HCV-infected drug users in Inner Mongolia are 1b and 3a,and genotype 3a HCV infections have higher viral loads.Strengthening drug control,regular testing and treatment of HCV infection among drug users should be implemented to promptly detect and intervene in HCV infection in the population.