加速消除乙型肝炎公共卫生危害的新措施

New measures to accelerate the elimination of the public health threat of hepatitis B

尽管有预防乙型肝炎(乙肝)的疫苗和有效治疗乙肝的药物,但乙肝疫苗接种率在一些地区还较低,慢性乙肝感染者获得和及时治疗的比例距世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)提出的2030年控制目标还有很大差距。据WHO最新估计,全球仍有2.54亿人为慢性乙肝感染者,仅13%的乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染者被诊断,其中20%得到抗病毒治疗。接种乙肝疫苗是预防HBV感染的关键手段,抗病毒治疗是有效降低HBV引起死亡的措施。如果这些慢性乙肝感染者得不到及时的诊断和治疗,未来因感染HBV而死亡的人数还会上升。为此,WHO对病毒性肝炎流行病学、服务覆盖率和产品可及性方面进行了分析,提出需要采取的新措施。这些举措对政策制定者来说至关重要,是决策需要参考的重要依据。各国必须尽快采取措施,才能降低因HBV感染引起的死亡,实现2030年的控制目标。

Despite the availability of vaccines to prevent hepatitis B(HBV)and effective drugs to treat it,hepatitis B vaccination coverage remains low in some regions,and the proportion of people living with chronic HBV who can be diagnosed and treated promptly is still far from the World Health Organization(WHO)2030 target.According to the latest WHO estimates,254 million people worldwide are still chronically infected with HBV,and only 13%of those infected with HBV have been diagnosed,of which 20%have received antiviral treatment.Hepatitis B vaccination is a crucial measure to prevent HBV infection,and antiviral treatment is an effective measure to reduce HBV-related mortality.If these chronically infected people are not diagnosed and treated in time,the number of deaths caused by HBV infection will rise in the future.To address this,the WHO analyzed the epidemiology,service coverage,and product accessibility of viral hepatitis,and proposed new measures that are crucial for policymakers to reference when making decisions.Countries must take immediate action to reduce HBV-related mortality and achieve the 2030 control target.