传统手工技艺的内涵与角色解读——以黄平苗族泥哨为例

The Connotation and Role Interpretation of Traditional Manual Skills——Taking Huangping Miao Clay Whistle as an Example

黄平苗族的泥塑技艺作为我国民间传统手工艺的重要组成部分,其手工艺品泥哨极具玩具趣味性的同时体现了地域与民族特色。黄平苗族泥哨不仅反映了手艺人对地方风俗、生态环境、生产方式、民族文化、历史惯习、家国观念的认同,还揭示了其技艺中蕴含的地域性、民族性及时代性兼具的文化特征。通过黄平苗族泥哨的实地调查发现,手艺人基于自身知识和所处地理环境,从纹样描绘、色彩搭配、造型设计等方面去创作以适应市场需求。其中,融入了手艺人的民族情感、个体思考和工艺精神。

The clay sculpture technique of the Huangping Miao ethnic group is an important component of traditional folk handicrafts in China.Its handicraft,the clay whistle,is highly entertaining as a toy and reflects regional and ethnic characteristics.Huangping Miao clay whistle skills not only reflect the craftsman's identification with local customs,ecological environment,production methods,ethnic culture,historical habits,and national values,but also reveals the cultural characteristics of regional,ethnic,and contemporary characteristics contained in its technique.A field investigation of the Huangping Miao clay whistle found that the craftsman's creations are based on their geographical environment,utilizing their own knowledge and adapting to market demand.At the same time,it also focus their craftsmanship spirit on integrating national emotions,expressing individual thinking and condensing cultural essence in practice.