碳中和目标驱动下合成燃料技术的发展

Development trend of synthetic fuel technology driven by carbon neutrality

全球主要发达国家和地区均制定了实现碳中和的规划路线,我国也提出了“双碳”目标。鉴于节能改造、提升效率、用能优化等措施对炼化企业减少碳排放要求的不断提高,炼化企业实现低碳、零碳发展必须从原料构成、原始加工技术的角度出发,开发新的碳循环经济技术和零碳合成燃料技术。基于此,本文综述了国内外由捕集/储存CO_(2)与可再生H_(2)(绿氢)制碳氢燃料(e-Fuels)技术和由生物质制合成燃料(SNG)技术的反应机理、技术路线、催化剂、技术经济性和碳减排潜力等方面的研究进展和发展趋势,分析了未来炼化企业实现碳中和发展的技术发展路径,为炼厂转型发展提供了借鉴。

The main developed countries and regions in the world have formulated the planning route to achieve carbon neutrality,and China has also put forward the“Double carbon”target.In view of the weakening effect of energy-saving retrofit,efficiency improvement and energy optimization on the reduction of carbon emissions by refining and petrochemical enterprises,in order to realize low-carbon and zero-carbon development,the refining and chemical enterprises must develop new carbon cycle economy technology and zero-carbon synthetic fuel technology from the perspective of raw material composition and original processing technology.Based on this,the reaction mechanism,technology route,catalyst,technical economy and carbon emission reduction potential of the technologies of carbon capture/storage and renewable H_(2) to e-Fuels and biomass to SNG at home and abroad are reviewed,and the technological development path of carbon neutrality development in the future refining and chemical enterprises is analyzed,which provide reference for the transformation and development of refineries.