仿生柔性扑翼无人机流固耦合研究进展

Research progress on fluid structure interaction of bionic flexible flapping wing UAV

自然界的昆虫和鸟类具有卓越的飞行能力,能够通过扑动翅膀精妙地控制飞行时的姿态和位置。仿生扑翼飞行器是一种极具高性能潜力的无人机,其独特的仿生外形和飞行特性使其在低雷诺数环境下,兼具高机动性和高气动效率。仿生扑翼飞行器通常采用轻质柔性结构机翼,在周期性动态扑动时,流固耦合(FSI)问题是其面临的一个突出研究难点。本文对柔性扑翼的流固耦合研究现状进行了综述,介绍了柔性扑翼流固耦合的常用方法和数值模拟分析所涉及的重要无量纲参数,分析了国内外研究取得的最新进展,分享了计算分析所使用的工具,提出了目前研究中仍存在的问题与可发展的方向,并对未来仿生柔性扑翼无人机流固耦合研究进行了展望。

Biomimetic flapping-wing air vehicles are Unmanned Air Vehicles(UAV)mimicking the exceptional flight capabilities of insects and birds in the natural world which can delicately control posture and position during flight by flapping wings.These air vehicles have great potential for high-performance applications due to their unique biomi⁃metic shape and flight characteristics,enabling them to achieve high maneuverability and aerodynamic efficiency in low Reynolds number environments.Typically,biomimetic flapping-wing air vehicles adopt lightweight flexible-wing structures.However,the Fluid-Structure Interaction(FSI)problem is a prominent research challenge regarding the periodic flapping motion.This article provides an overview of the current research status of fluid-structure interaction in flexible-wing flapping,introducing the common methods for fluid-structure interaction and important dimensionless pa⁃rameters involved in numerical simulation analysis of flexible-wing flapping.The latest progress achieved in both do⁃mestic and international research is analyzed,and the tools used in computational analysis are shared.Furthermore,the article identifies the problems and potential directions for further development in current research,offering pros⁃pects for future studies on fluid-structure interaction in biomimetic flexible-wing UAVs.