基于干涉仪阵列的无人机非合作辐射点定位方法

Non-cooperative radiant positioning of UAV via EM interferometer array

非合作辐射点定位是电磁测量中的难点和关键问题,对于异常辐射点发现与电磁兼容诊断具有重要意义。本文利用干涉仪阵列技术实现宽带随机非合作辐射点精确定位。该方法通过时域能量积累提升系统对弱小信号的检测能力,通过阵列信号角度估计技术,并优化最小冗余天线阵列设计,实现非合作辐射点定位,最后通过稀疏重建方法对干涉仪角分辨率进行增强,以提升对多非合作辐射点的精确定位。仿真试验表明:干涉仪阵列可实现对多个宽带随机非合作辐射点空间分离与定位,通过最小冗余阵列优化设计并结合稀疏重建方法,其对特高频频段(UHF)多辐射点定位精度优于1 m,可满足电磁兼容诊断问题对辐射点定位精度的要求。进一步分析表明:干涉仪阵列性能受到外部辐射点数目的影响。一般而言,辐射点数目越少,算法稳定性越高,对于8通道最小冗余阵列,应保证外部辐射点数目<7个,以降低辐射点漏检和虚警问题。

Non-cooperative radiant positioning is a difficult and crucial issue in electromagnetic compatibility measure⁃ment,which is aimed to find the abnormal radiants on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs).This paper employs inter⁃ferometer array technology to achieve high-accuracy positioning of broadband random non-cooperative radiants.The proposed method enhances the system’s ability to detect weak signals through time-domain energy accumulation.By utilizing array signal angle estimation technology and optimizing the design of a Minimum Redundant Antenna Array(MRAA),non-cooperative radiant positioning is realized.Finally,the angular resolution of the interferometer is en⁃hanced through sparse reconstruction algorithm to improve the high-accuracy positioning of multiple non-cooperative radiants.Simulation experiments show that the interferometer array can spatially separate and position multiple broad⁃band random non-cooperative radiants.Through the optimization of the MRAA design combined with sparse recon⁃struction algorithm,the positioning accuracy for multiple radiants in the Ultra-High Frequency(UHF)band is better than 1 meter,meeting the accuracy requirement for radiant positioning in electromagnetic compatibility diagnosis.Fur⁃ther analysis reveals that the performance of the interferometer array is influenced by the number of external radiants.Generally,the fewer the radiants,the higher the algorithm’s stability.For an 8-channel MRAA,the number of exter⁃nal radiants should be kept below seven to reduce issues of missed detection or false alarms.