汽车尾气治理用三效催化剂中铂钯替代的研究进展

Research progress of platinum replacing palladium in three-way catalysts for automobile exhaust treatment

铂族金属的最大工业用途是汽车尾气净化催化剂,排放法规的日趋严格、汽车产销量的快速增长等因素,导致应用于尾气净化催化剂的钯、铑供需矛盾日益突出。本文从单Pt催化剂、Pt-Rh催化剂和Pt-Pd-Rh催化剂等方面综述了含铂三效催化剂技术的最新研究进展,总结了铂、钯替代或共用的理论和技术可行性,同时分析了存在的不足,并展望未来重点研究方向。

The biggest industrial use of platinum group metals is automotive exhaust purification catalysts.The increasingly strict emission regulations and rapid growth in automotive production and sales have led to increasingly prominent supply-demand conflicts for palladium and rhodium used in exhaust purification catalysts.This article reviews the latest research progress of platinum containing three-way catalyst technology from the perspectives of single Pt catalyst,Pt-Rh catalyst,and Pt-Pd-Rh catalyst.It summarizes the theoretical and technical feasibility of platinum and palladium substitution or sharing,analyzes the existing shortcomings,and looks forward to future key research directions.