父母倦怠对中小学生心理健康的影响:证据与教育对策

The Impact of Parental Burnout on the Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students and Its Educational Implications

父母倦怠是指在长期育儿过程中,父母由于角色压力和持续的养育责任所感受到的情绪耗竭、成就感下降以及与子女情感疏远的复合心理状态。这一状态对中小学生心理健康产生诸多不良影响,易导致内化问题(如焦虑和抑郁)和外化问题(如攻击性行为和违纪行为)的出现。通过元分析方法对已有文献进行量化梳理,结果显示父母倦怠与中小学生心理健康问题具有显著正相关。父母倦怠影响中小学生心理健康的主要路径包括:角色对比削弱育儿信心、角色厌烦降低养育投入、情感疏远损害亲子联结。基于此,从五方面提出干预策略,以减轻父母倦怠对中小学生心理健康的消极影响。本研究为深入理解父母倦怠的复杂机制及其对中小学生心理健康的深远影响提供了科学依据,具有重要的教育启示和社会价值。

Parental burnout refers to a complex psychological state experienced by parents during the prolonged process of child-rearing,characterized by emotional exhaustion,a diminished sense of accomplishment,and emotional detachment from their children due to role stress and ongoing parenting responsibilities.This state has brought many adverse effects on the mental health of primary and secondary school students,leading to internalizing problems(such as anxiety and depression)and externalizing problems(such as aggressive behavior and disciplinary behavior).A meta-analysis method was used to quantitatively review the existing literature,with results showing a significant positive correlation between parental burnout and mental health problems among primary and secondary school students.The main pathways through which parental burnout affects students'mental health include role comparison diminishing parenting confidence,role boredom reducing parenting investment,and emotional detachment damaging parent-child bonding.Based on this,the researchers proposed intervention strategies from five aspects to mitigate the negative impact of parental burnout on the mental health of primary and secondary school students.This study provides scientific evidence for a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms of parental burnout and its profound impact on the mental health of primary and secondary school students,offering significant educational insights and social value.