数字信用平台是否促进了农户融资可得性——来自国家首个农村金融改革试点县的经验证据

Does the Digital Credit Platform Promote the Availability of Financing for Farmers:Empirical Evidence from China's First Pilot County for Rural Financial Reform

数字乡村战略背景下农户融资可得性问题依然没有得到有效解决。如何提升农户融资可得性是关系乡村振兴的重大战略问题。本文以广西壮族自治区百色市田东县建成的“金色乡村”数字信用平台构建准自然实验,利用百色市4个县市的246个农户2013—2022年信贷个体数据,运用双重差分模型和中介效应模型考察数字信用平台对农户融资可得性的影响和作用机制。研究结果表明,数字信用平台提升了农户信用贷款发生概率和贷款发生额,且对教育水平高、收入水平高的农户以及抵押担保类贷款的影响更为明显,数字信用平台在促进农户融资可得性上存在“嫌贫爱富”和“风险规避”偏好。机制分析发现,数字信用平台主要通过提升贷款质量、降低贷款利率以及延长贷款期限三个渠道促进农户融资可得性。本文研究结论为更好地发挥数字信用平台在助力乡村振兴中的作用提供了理论依据和经验参考。

The issue of farmers'financing availability has not been effectively solved under the background of digital rural strategy.How to promote farmers'financing availability is a significant strategic issue related to rural revitalization.This paper constructs a quasi-natural experiment based on the“Golden Countryside”digital credit platform established in Tiandong county,Baise city of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.By using 2013-2022 individual credit data of 246 farmers in 4 counties and cities in Baise,and applying the difference-in-differences model and the mediation effect model,this paper examines the impact and mechanism of the digital credit platform on farmers'financing availability.The research results show that the establishment of the digital credit platform significantly increases the probability of farmers'credit loans and amount of farmers'loans,which is more pronounced on farmers with high education and income levels as well as on mortgage-backed loans.Therefore,the digital credit platform exhibits a preference for“favoring the rich and disliking the poor”and“risk aversion”in promoting farmers'financing availability.Mechanism analysis reveals that the digital credit platform mainly promotes farmers'financing availability through three channels:improving loan quality,reducing loan interest rates,and extending loan terms.The conclusions of this paper provide theoretical foundations and empirical references for better utilizing digital credit platforms to promote the revitalization of rural areas.