基于因子分析和聚类分析的378例艾滋病免疫重建不全患者中医证候研究

Traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in AIDS immunological non-responders based on factor and cluster analysis

目的运用因子分析联合聚类分析探讨艾滋病免疫重建不全患者(INR)的中医证候分布及特点。方法采集378例INR的中医问卷信息,计算所有症状、体征的频率,将主要的四诊信息纳入因子分析矩阵提取公因子,再以公因子为变量进行系统聚类分析。结果因子分析共筛选出9个公因子,累计贡献率89.74%;经聚类分析分为4组,对应4类证型,其中第1类包含公因子F3、F8、F9,为肺脾气虚证(占比33.07%),第2类包含公因子F1,为心肝血虚证(占比10.85%),第3类包含公因子F4、F7,为肝肾精虚证(占比37.83%),第4类包含公因子F2、F5、F6,为肝郁化火证(占比18.25%)。结论艾滋病免疫重建不全病位涉及五脏,以虚证或虚实夹杂为主,包括肺脾气虚证、心肝血虚证、肝肾精虚证、肝郁化火证四种证型。

Objective This study utilized factor analysis combined with cluster analysis to examine the distribution and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes in AIDS patients classified as immunological non-responders(INR).Methods The TCM questionnaire information of 378 patients was collected,and the frequency of all symptoms and signs was calculated.The main four-examination information was included in the factor analysis matrix to extract the common factor.These factors were then used as variables for systematic cluster analysis.Results Factor analysis identified nine common factors with a cumulative contribution rate of 89.74%.Cluster analysis divided these into four groups,corresponding to four types of TCM syndromes:dual deficiency of the lung-spleen syndrome(33.07%),which included common factors F3,F8,and F9;heart-liver blood deficiency syndrome(10.85%),which included common factor F1;liver-kidney essence deficiency syndrome(37.83%),which included common factors F4 and F7;and syndrome of depressed liver qi transforming into fire(18.25%),which included common factors F2,F5,and F6.Conclusions The disease manifestations of AIDS INR predominantly affect the five viscera,typically presenting as either a deficiency pattern or a deficiency-excess complex.The primary TCM syndromes identified include dual deficiency of the lung-spleen syndrome,heart-liver blood deficiency syndrome,liver-kidney essence deficiency syndrome,and syndrome of depressed liver qi transforming into fire.