急、慢性期湿疹患者细胞因子及淋巴细胞亚群的表达及与严重程度的相关性分析

An Analysis of Differential Expression Patterns of Cytokines and Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Acute and Chronic Phases of Eczema and Their Association with the Severity of the Disease

目的分析急性期和慢性期湿疹患者细胞因子及淋巴细胞亚群的差异表达及与湿疹严重程度的相关性。方法回顾性收集2023年5月至2024年5月在南昌大学第一附属医院住院治疗的急性期和慢性期湿疹患者的临床特征,外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数及细胞因子、淋巴细胞亚群水平,湿疹面积及严重程度指数(EASI评分)等资料。比较急性期和慢性期湿疹在嗜酸性粒细胞、细胞因子、淋巴细胞亚群、EASI评分之间的差异,分析嗜酸性粒细胞、细胞因子、淋巴细胞亚群和急性期、慢性期湿疹严重程度的相关性。结果急性期和慢性期湿疹患者嗜酸性粒细胞、IL-22、CD4^(+)T细胞计数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析表明急性期湿疹中CD4^(+)T细胞与EASI评分呈正相关(r=0.236,P<0.05)。慢性期湿疹中嗜酸性粒细胞、IL-5、IL-10、IL-22与EASI评分呈正相关(r=0.338、0.267、0.271、0.228,P<0.05)。结论急性期与慢性期湿疹之间存在细胞因子及淋巴细胞亚群差异,异常指标可作为急性期与慢性期湿疹严重程度评估工具。

Objective To analyze differential expression patterns of cytokines and lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with acute and chronic phases of eczema,as well as to explore their correlation with the severity of the disease.Methods Clinical characteristics,peripheral blood eosinophil counts and levels of cytokines and lymphocyte subsets,and severity index(EASI)scores were retrospectively collected from patients with eczema in acute and chronic phases who were hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from May 2023 to May 2024.A comparative analysis was conducted to investigate differences in eosinophils,cytokines,lymphocyte subpopulations,and EASI scores between acute and chronic eczema;a correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between eosinophils,cytokines,lymphocyte subpopulations,and the severity of acute and chronic eczema.Results There were statistically significant differences in the comparison of eosinophil counts,IL-22 levels,and CD4^(+)T cell counts between patients with acute and chronic eczema(P<0.05).Correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between CD4^(+)T cells and EASI scores in acute eczema(r=0.236,P<0.05).In chronic eczema,there was a positive correlation between eosinophils,IL-5,IL-10,IL-22,and EASI scores(r=0.338,0.267,0.271,0.228,respectively;P<0.05).Conclusion There are differences in cytokines and lymphocyte subpopulations between acute and chronic phases of eczema,and abnormal indicators can serve as assessment tools for the severity of acute and chronic eczema.