基于SWOT-PEST分析的临床专科能力建设策略研究

Research on clinical specialty capability building strategies based on SWOT-PEST analysis

目的通过制定医院临床专科能力建设策略,为同行制定相关策略,提升临床专科能力建设提供经验。方法以深圳某公立医院为例,通过SWOT-PEST分析,从政策环境、经济环境、社会环境及技术环境四个方面深入探讨医院临床专科能力建设面临的外部环境(机会与挑战)和内部环境(优势与劣势)。结果医院的优势是面临着区域内国家级科学城建设、人口老龄化、政府对医疗行业的重视等机遇,医院与社康的一体化建设、对重点学科的高度重视与支持、公益性服务深入人心等;劣势是面临区域内竞争激烈、外部互联网医院的发展、医患关系的日益紧张等挑战,同时医院科研能力与水平不高、信息化建设水平不足及内部激励机制未完善等。结论根据SWOT-PEST分析结果,制定SO策略(优势+机会):坚持院部和社康中心协同发展;引才育才,打造学科群与重点学科;坚持公益性,实施区域内全民全生命周期健康管理计划。ST策略(优势+威胁):各院区与社康间一体化管理、差异化发展。WO策略(劣势+机会):开展校地合作,跨领域联合攻关科研创新及转化;深化绩效分配改革。WT策略(劣势+威胁):加强临床研究;提高医院的信息化建设水平;提升患者就医体验。最终助力医院临床专科能力建设。

Objective To formulate strategies for the construction of clinical specialty capabilities in hospitals,providing relevant experiences for peers to enhance clinical specialty capability development.Methods Taking a public hospital in Shenzhen as an example,this study employs SWOT-PEST analysis to explore the external environment(opportunities and challenges)and internal environment(strengths and weaknesses)facing clinical specialty capability construction from four aspects:policy environment,economic environment,social environment,and technological environment.Results The hospital′s strengths include opportunities such as the construction of a national science city in the region,an aging population,and increased governmental focus on the healthcare industry.Additional strengths include the integration of the hospital with community health services,strong support for key disciplines,and a deeply ingrained commitment to public welfare services.However,weaknesses include intense regional competition,the development of external internet hospitals,and increasingly strained doctor-patient relationships.The hospital also faces challenges due to inadequate research capabilities and levels,insufficient information technology infrastructure,and an incomplete internal incentive mechanism.Conclusion Based on the results of the SWOT-PEST analysis,the following strategies are proposed:SO Strategies(Strengths+Opportunities):Collaborate between the hospital and community health centers;attract and cultivate talent to develop specialty clusters and key disciplines;and implement a comprehensive health management plan for the entire population and lifecycle in the region.ST Strategies(Strengths+Threats):Integrate management across various campuses and community health services,and pursue differentiated development.WO Strategies(Weaknesses+Opportunities):Engage in school-local collaborations for cross-disciplinary research innovation and translation;and deepen performance distribution reforms.WT Strategies(Weaknesses+Threats):Strengthen clinical research;enhance the hospital′s information technology capabilities;and improve patient experience.Ultimately,these strategies aim to support the construction of clinical specialty capabilities within the hospital.