新疆塔城地区人口流动与多民族互嵌式格局的形成与发展

The Formation and Development of Population Flow and Multi-ethnic Inter-cropping Pattern in Tacheng Area in Xinjiang

本文从四个不同的历史阶段出发,对新疆塔城地区人口流动的基本情况、主要特点以及对民族关系的影响,做系统的历时性考察。研究发现,人口流动是影响和形塑民族关系格局的重要因素之一,人口流动与多民族互嵌式格局两者之间存在着密切的内在关联,即该地区历史上发生的人口流动及其趋向,在一定程度上促进了当地各民族之间互嵌交融的进程,从而奠定了多民族嵌入式互动格局的历史基础。改革开放、特别是21世纪以来,规模性的人口双向流动及其密切关系,则进一步推动了各民族之间的交往交流交融,进而形塑了多民族互嵌交融的新格局。研究结果证明,人口流动背景下多民族的嵌入式互动,促进了各民族之间的交往交流交融,而交往交流交融又进一步助推了各民族之间的嵌入式互动。换言之,在相互嵌入中不断交融,在交融中不断相互嵌入,互嵌与交融辩证统一,由此推动着中华民族共同体建设的不断发展。以人口流动为切入点,对新疆塔城地区多民族互嵌式格局之历史进程的考察,不仅有助于正确认识我国民族关系发展的主流,而且有助于深化理解多民族互嵌式格局的内在逻辑和规律性特点。

The article attempts to make a systematic diachronic investigation on the basic situation,main characteristics and the influence on ethnic relations in Tacheng area of Xinjiang from four different historical stages.The research found that population flow is one of the important factors influencing and shaping the pattern of ethnic relations.There is a close internal relationship between the population flow and the multi-ethnic inter-cropping pattern,i.e,the population flow and its trend in the history of this region,to a certain extent,promotes the integration process of local ethnic groups,thus laying the historical foundation of the multi-ethnic inter-cropping interaction pattern.Since the reform and opening up,especially stepping into the 21st century,the large-scale two-way population flow and its close relations have further promoted the communication and integration among various ethnic groups,thus forming a new pattern of integration of multi-ethnic groups.The results prove that the embedded interaction of multiple ethnic groups under the background of population mobility promotes the communication and integration among various ethnic groups,while the communication and integration further re-energize the embedded interaction among various ethnic groups.In other words,integration enhanced as the process of mutual embedding,the mutual embedding enhanced while during integration process.The two form up a dialectical unity,thus promoting the continuous development of the construction of the Chinese national community.Taking population flow as the entry point,the investigation of the historical process of the multi-ethnic inter-cropping pattern in Tacheng area of Xinjiang can not only benefit the correct understanding of the mainstream of the development of ethnic relations in China,but also facilitates the deepening understanding of the internal logic and regular characteristics of the multi-ethnic inter-cropping pattern.