马克思主义与中国文化的早期碰撞及其理论启示

Marxism and Chinese Culture:Early Interactions and Their Theoretical Implications

五四运动前,洋务派、早期改良派、维新派、革命派、无政府主义者、中国社会党人等不同群体的知识分子,立足不同立场、怀着不同目的,逐步把马克思主义的一些观点译介到中国,并尝试用中国文化来阐释马克思主义,将其作为一种理论借鉴运用到中国的社会实践和理论批评中,形成了马克思主义与中国文化的早期碰撞。但是,译介者没有完整准确地理解马克思主义,更没有确立马克思主义的信仰和立场,因而也就不可能实现马克思主义与中国实际、中国文化的“结合”。尽管如此,早期碰撞的文化经历为日后中国共产党人实现“两个结合”提供了一些理论启示。

Basic tenets of Marxism were introduced into China before the May Fourth Movement by various Chinese intellectuals,including those from the westernization faction,early reformists,revolutionaries,anarchists,and the Chinese Social Party.Although these groups differed in political stance and objectives,they each sought to interpret Marxism through the lens of Chinese culture and use it as a theoretical tool to analyze Chinese society and engage in theoretical critique.This marked the early encounters between Marxism and Chinese culture.However,the Chinese translators of the time struggled to grasp Marxism comprehensively and precisely,and were far from becoming staunch Marxists.Consequently,they were unable to fully appreciate the potential synergy between Marxism and the Chinese context and culture.Despite this,these early encounters were theoretically significant for the CPC's subsequent efforts to integrate Marxism with Chinese reality and culture.