近代中缅陆路贸易新论:以缅甸海关档案资料为中心的考察

Revisiting Modern China-Burma Overland Trade:A Study Based on Burmese Customs Archives

近代中缅贸易史既有研究大多以中国文献为主,研究范围也基本局限于中国境内,反映的是中国视野下的中缅贸易。借助缅甸海关档案资料,则可以考察缅甸视野下近代中缅陆路贸易的大宗商品及其贸易特征,分析近代中缅陆路贸易对中缅双方的经济影响。近代缅甸出口中国西部的大宗商品从农副产品向工业制成品的转变,表现出鲜明的过境贸易特征。英属印度、西欧诸国亦参与其中,将中国与东南亚、南亚、欧洲联系在一起,成为经济全球化进程中的重要一环,对缅甸和中国西部的经济发展产生了重要影响。

Existing studies on modern China-Burma trade often rely heavily on Chinese sources,which tend to reflect a Chinesecentric perspective.This article addresses this bias by incorporating Burmese customs archives to provide a more balanced view.It specifically examines the composition of bulk commodities traded between China and Burma,the characteristics of this trade relationship,and its economic impacts on both countries.Historically,the bulk commodities exported from Burma to western China transitioned from agricultural and sideline products to industrial goods,highlighting the trade's transit nature.British India and Western European countries also played a role in the China-Burma overland trade.Their involvement linked China with Southeast Asia,South Asia,and Europe,integrating the China-Burma trade into the broader process of economic globalization and significantly influencing the economic development of both Burma and western China.