《伤寒论》附子炮制方法及用量应用探析

Analysis of Radix Aconiti Carmichaeli Processing Methods and Dosage Applications in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases

药物炮制和用量是影响疗效的重要因素,也是中医的特色之一。《伤寒论》理法方药完备,药物炮制和用量对今天仍有指导意义。《伤寒论》记载了附子去皮、破开、生用、炮、别煮取汁等5种炮制方法。附子去皮可减轻毒性;破开则减毒增效;生用可回阳救逆,破阴散寒;炮用可温经扶阳,散寒除湿;别煮取汁轻取其性,扶阳固表,不助邪;生附子用量较小,临证须谨慎,需注意药物配伍,煎煮时间,药物用量;炮附子可根据临床实际,合理选择用量,也需注意煎煮时间,药物配伍。

The processing and dosage of medicinal herbs are crucial factors affecting therapeutic efficacy and are distinctive features of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases Provides a comprehensive system of theory,law,formulae,and medication that remains instructive today.The text records five processing methods for Radix aconiti carmichaeli:peeling,splitting,raw use,processing with heat,and separately decocting to extract the juice.Peeling Radix aconiti carmichaeli can reduce toxicity;splitting can diminish toxicity and enhance efficacy;raw use is beneficial for restoring yang and dissipating cold;processed with heat can warm the channels and support yang while dispelling cold and dampness;separately decocting the juice can gently exert its properties,supporting yang and consolidating the exterior without assisting pathogens.Raw Radix aconiti carmi-chaeli should be used cautiously in clinical settings,with attention to drug compatibility,decoction time,and dos-age.The dosage of processed Radix aconiti carmichaeli can be reasonably selected based on clinical reality,also requiring attention to decoction time and drug compatibility.This article aims to explore the implications and appli-cation characteristics of different processing methods and dosages to provide reference for future clinical practice.