员工组织承诺与国有企业创新——员工持股计划的激励与约束双重逻辑

Employee Organizational Commitment and Innovation In State-owned Enterprises The Dual Logic of Incentive and Constraint from the Employee Stock Option Program

创新是提升国有企业竞争力的重要手段。基于社会交换理论,以中央企业首批10家员工持股试点企业中的3家作为研究样本,通过对员工的问卷调研数据进行分析,可以得出以下结论:员工的情感承诺和持续承诺显著促进国有企业利用式创新,持续承诺和规范承诺显著促进探索式创新;横向监督在员工组织承诺与国有企业创新间起中介作用;知识共享在员工组织承诺与国有企业创新之间的中介作用并不成立,但知识共享在持股员工的组织承诺与利用式创新之间发挥显著的中介作用。员工组织承诺是实现国有企业创新驱动的关键动力之一,应充分发挥员工持股计划的激励与约束功能以激发员工创新意识、推动国有企业创新。

Innovation is an important means to enhance the competitiveness of state-owned enterprises(SOEs).Based on social exchange theory,this article analyzes employee survey data from three out of ten centrally administered SOEs with employee stock option programs,and comes to the following conclusions:(1)Affective commitment and continuance commitment significantly promote exploitative innovation in SOEs,while continuance commitment and normative commitment significantly promote exploratory innovation;(2)Horizontal supervision plays a mediating role between employee organizational commitment and innovation in SOEs;(3)The mediating effect of knowledge sharing is not established between employee organizational commitment and innovation in SOEs,but attends to be significant between organizational commitment of shareholding employees and exploitative innovation.Employee organizational commitment is one of the key drivers for achieving innovation-driven development in SOEs.Fully leveraging the incentive and constraint of employee stock option program can stimulate employees'innovation awareness,thereby promoting innovation in SOEs.