南朝商业乐舞流动与南北文化融合

The Flow of Commercial Music and Dance and the Cultural Integration between North and South in the Southern Dynasties

南朝吴歌中保存的《前溪歌》相关史料,为理解江南地域文化在东晋南朝社会中的传承与发展提供了新的认知面向。现存《前溪歌》歌词中所涉的前溪村、东武亭南、洛溪三处渡口,透露出乐人和乐舞沿着水道从吴兴武康到江南各地的流传路线。前溪乐舞的兴起是江南歌谣传统商业化发展的具体表现,乐人在渡口经营歌楼并流向江南腹地,背后隐含着底层民众对生计的探索。东晋中后期,商业歌楼逐渐在建康等侨民聚居区流行,改造了北方歌谣传统和侨民的文化特质,成为促进侨旧文化融合的重要社会力量,进而影响了南朝文化风貌。

The historical materials pertaining to the"Qianxi Song"(前溪歌),preserved within the Wu Songs(吴歌)of the Southern Dynasties,offered a novel cognitive perspective for understanding the continuity and transformation of Jiangnan regional culture during the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties periods.The extant lyrics of the"Qianxi Song"contain three river port locations:Qianxi Village(前溪村),south of Dongwu Pavilion(东武亭南),and Luoxi(洛溪).These references illuminate the routes through which musicians and their repertoire disseminated from Wukang in Wuxing(吴兴武康)to various parts of the Jiangnan region via waterways.Examining the music and dance originating from Qianxi Village within the context of Wuxing's regional society during the early Eastern Jin period,we see that the village's rise reflects the commercialization of Jiangnan's song traditions.The Qianxi musicians operated song houses at the river ports and gradually moved inland within the Jiangnan region,reflecting a pursuit of economic opportunities.During the mid-to-late Eastern Jin period,commercial song houses gradually gained popularity in Jiankang and other northern migrant settlements.This phenomenon led to a transformation of both the northern folk song tradition and the cultural characteristics of the migrant communities.Consequently,these song houses became a significant social force in facilitating the integration of migrant and indigenous cultures,thereby shaping the cultural landscape of the Southern Dynasties.