高等级景区的旅游经济效应及其空间关联机制——基于中国225个地级市的实证检验

Tourism Economic Effects of High-level Scenic Spots and Their Spatial Association Mechanisms:An Empirical Study of 225 Prefecture-level Cities in China

景区资源会影响区域旅游经济发展模式,特定空间范围内的高等级景区资源也存在协同互动关系。文章基于2012-2019年中国225个地级市数据,运用空间计量方法全面梳理了高等级景区的旅游经济效应及其空间关联机制,研究发现:1)高等级景区通过加速旅游产业集聚和推动住宿餐饮等配套产业发展对当地旅游经济发展形成正向驱动;2)高等级景区具有显著正向空间溢出效应,但该效应存在空间距离约束和区域异质性;3)高铁站和五星级酒店为代表的高质量旅游要素供给有助于增强高等级景区的空间溢出效应,交通便利性对旅游景区的经济效益也会形成正向促进,文娱行业发展则会对高等级景区为代表的传统旅游产品形成负向冲击;4)高等级景区建设在经济发展较好的地区并不能显著促进旅游经济增长,较高的区域增长目标也会拖累高等级景区的投入力度和经济贡献。由此,区域旅游资源开发利用需强化区域合作,加速旅游业空间聚集和产业链打造;通过基础设施建设强化高等级景区的空间关联,推动传统旅游产品与新型旅游产品的融合,更好地挖掘高等级景区的旅游经济效应。

Scenic spot resources will affect the development model of regional tourism economy,and there will be synergistic interaction between high-level scenic spot resources in a specific space.Based on the data of 225 prefecture-level cities in China from 2012 to 2019,this paper comprehensively analyzed the tourism economic effects of high-level scenic spots and their spatial correlation mechanisms by using spatial econometric methods.The findings are as follows:1)High-level scenic spots contribute to the positive driving of local tourism economic development by accelerating tourism sector agglomeration and promoting the development of supporting industries such as accommodation and catering;2)there is a significant positive spatial spillover effect in high-level scenic spots,but the effect has spatial distance constraints and regional heterogeneity;3)the supply of high-quality tourism elements represented by high-speed rail stations and five-star hotels will help to enhance the spatial spillover effect of high-level scenic spots,and the convenience of transportation will positively promote the economic benefits of tourist spots,while the development of cultural and entertainment sector will negatively impact the traditional tourism products represented by high-level scenic spots;4)the construction of high-level scenic spots cannot significantly promote the growth of tourism economy in areas with better economic development;Higher regional growth targets will also drag down the investment intensity and economic contribution of high-level scenic spots.Therefore,to promote the development and utilization of regional tourism resources,it is necessary to strengthen regional cooperation arrangements,accelerate the spatial aggregation of tourism industry,and build an effective spatial tourism industry chain.Through the construction of high-quality infrastructure,the effective spatial correlation of high-level scenic spots should be strengthened,and the integration of traditional tourism products and new tourism products should be promoted.Fully tap the economic effect of high-level scenic spots,and make them an important driving force to promote regional economic growth.