住院肝硬化患者人体测量学指标及营养状态分析

Assessment of anthropometric indicators and nutritional status in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis

目的 分析肝硬化患者人体测量指标及营养状态,以早期发现患者营养风险或营养不良,为制定营养治疗措施提供依据。方法 选取2022年5月至2023年4月遵义医科大学附属医院肝硬化患者164例,入院48 h内使用营养风险筛查2002(NRS2002)评分表对患者进行营养风险筛查,分为营养不良组和非营养不良组。测量两组患者上臂围(AC)、上臂肌围(AMC)、肱三头皮褶肌厚度(TSF),握力(HG),根据患者身高和体重计算其体质指数(BMI)。结果 164例肝硬化患者中,60例有营养不良,104例无营养不良。其中Child-Pugh分级为A级的12例(20%),B级27例(45%),C级21例(35%);代偿期患者营养不良15例(25%),失代偿期45例营养不良(75%);伴腹水患者营养不良患者24例(40.00%);有营养风险患者的AC、AMC、TSF、HG均明显低于无营养风险者,两组患者的BMI、AC、AMC、HG等指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 肝硬化患者营养风险发生率较高,应尽早行人体测量指标及营养风险的筛查、以便制定营养干预措施。

Objective To analyze the anthropometric indicators and nutritional status of hospitalized cirrhotic patients for the early detection of nutritional risk or malnutrition.providing a basis for the formulation of nutritional treatment strategies.Methods A total of 164 patients with liver cirrhosis,hospitalized at a tertiary general hospital in Zunyi City from May 2022 to April 2023,were selected for this study.Nutritional risk was assessed within 48 hours of admission using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS2002)scale.Based on this assessment,patients were divided into malnourished and non-malnourished groups.Measurements taken included upper arm circumference(UAC),upper arm muscle circumference(UAMC),tricep skinfold(TSF)thickness,handgrip strength(HGS),and body mass index(BMI),which was calculated from the patients'height and weight.Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software.Results Among the 164 cirrhotic patients,60 were found to have malnutrition,resulting in an incidence rate of 36.59%.Specifically,12 cases(20%)were classified as Child-Pugh A,27 cases(45%)as Child-Pugh B,and 21 cases(35%)as Child-Pugh C.In the compensated stage,15 cases(25%)had malnutrition,whereas in the decompensated stage,45 cases(75%)had malnutrition.Additionally,24 patients(40.00%)with ascites were malnourished.Measurements of AC,AMC,TSF,and HGwere significantly lower in patients with nutritional risk compared to those without nutritional risk.Differences in BMI,AC,AMC,and HG between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of nutritional risk in cirrhotic patients is high.Therefor,it is crucial to screen these patients for anthropometric indicators and nutritional risk as early stage.Early screening allows for the formulation of appropriate nutritional interventions,which can promote better prognosis and improve their overall condition.