T型圆竹家具构件力学性能研究

Study on the Mechanical Properties of T-shaped Round Bamboo Furniture Components

竹材作为可再生资源,被广泛用于替代木材作为家具制造材料;圆竹加工工序简单、能耗小、绿色环保,但是圆竹中空、壁薄的性质使圆竹家具存在接合强度低、拆装不便等问题。基于此,本文提出了圆竹内壁铣削为正圆后与实木插接的方法,设计了两种T型竹-木插接结构,即T型可拆装接合点结构(TKC)和T形不可拆装接合点结构(TBC),并以传统的圆竹榫接合作为参照组,对比分析了改良结构的抗拔、抗弯性能。研究结果表明:1)TKC、TBC的平均极限抗拔力为4926、4464 N,分别是参照组的4.5倍和3.8倍左右;2)破坏弯矩为62.9、98.0 N·m,分别是参照组的4.2倍和6.5倍左右;3)平均抗弯刚度为8049.2、17324.4 kN·mm^(2),分别是参照组的1.96倍和4.2倍左右。两种新型竹-木插接结构均能满足圆竹家具构件的使用强度及刚度要求,可根据实际需求灵活选用;本研究提高了圆竹家具的结构力学性能,丰富了圆竹家具结构形式,有助于推进竹材的可持续发展与应用。

As a renewable resource,bamboo is widely used to replace wood as a furniture manufacturing material,and the processing process of round bamboo is simple,low energy consumption and green environmental protection,but the hollow and thin nature of round bamboo makes round bamboo furniture have problems such as low joint strength and inconvenient disassembly and assembly.Based on this,in this paper,a method of milling the inner wall of round bamboo into a perfect circle and plugging it with solid wood was proposed,and two T-shaped bamboo-wood plug in structures were designed,namely T-shaped detachable joint structure(TKC)and T-shaped non-detachable joint structure(TBC),and the uplift and bending properties of the improved structure with the traditional round bamboo tenon joint as the reference group were compared and analyzed.The results showed that:1)the average ultimate pull-out strength of TKC and TBC is 4926 N and 4464 N,which are about 4.5 times and 3.8 times of the reference group,respectively,2)the failure bending moment is 62.9 N·m and 98.0 N·m,which are about 4.2 times and 6.5 times that of the reference group,and 3)the average bending stiffness is 8049.2 kN·mm^(2)and 17324.4 kN·mm^(2),which are about 1.96 and 4.2 times of the reference group,respectively.The two new bamboo-wood plug-in structures can meet the requirements of the use strength and stiffness of round bamboo furniture components,and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.