正畸治疗患者前牙牙槽骨唇侧骨性凸起研究进展

Research progress on labial protuberances of anterior teeth in orthodontic treatment

正畸治疗过程中,患者前牙牙槽骨唇侧有时会出现不规则、大小不一的结节性骨性凸起,这与牙槽骨内外表面的差异性骨改建有着密切关系。牙槽骨唇侧骨性凸起不仅会对正畸治疗的美学效果产生负面影响,还可能增加牙周风险。目前认为牙槽骨唇侧骨性凸起形成可能与患者性别、年龄、牙齿移动速度、前牙内收距离有关。唇侧骨性凸起存在一定自限性,若出现不能自行消退的唇侧骨性凸起需通过牙槽骨修整术进行治疗。本文通过文献回顾,系统性介绍正畸过程中前牙牙槽骨唇侧骨性凸起的发生假说、形成的影响因素、潜在生物力学机制及其对应治疗策略,有助于深入理解正畸治疗中牙槽骨改建的规律和相关机制,并为临床提供预防和治疗的理论支持。

During orthodontic treatment,irregular and varying sized nodular bony protrusions may sometimes appear on the labial side of the patient’s anterior alveolar bone,which is closely related to the differential bone remodeling on the inner and outer surfaces of the alveolar bone.Labial protuberances not only affect the aesthetic results of orthodontic treatment,but also pose potential risks to periodontal health.Currently,it is believed that the influencing factors of the formation of the labial protuberances may be related to the patient’s gender and age,tooth movement speed,and extent of anterior teeth retraction.Labial protuberances typically resolve spontaneously,however,if persistent,alveoloplasty may be necessary for treatment.This review provides a summary on the occurrence,influencing factors of formation,potential biological mechanisms,and corresponding treatment methods of labial protuberances during orthodontic treatment.