学前儿童心理理论对其情绪调节策略的影响研究

A Study on the Influence of Theory of Mind on Emotion Regulation Strategy of Preschool Children

情绪调节策略的发展是学前儿童健康和社会领域发展的重要内容,为探讨学前儿童情绪调节策略的发展状况及心理理论对情绪调节策略发展的影响,本研究采用ToM经典实验法对97名3-6岁学前儿童进行心理理论施测,并向儿童的家长发放情绪调节策略问卷。研究发现:1)5岁前幼儿比较常见的情绪调节策略是替代活动和被动应付,4岁段幼儿使用问题解决策略策略逐渐突显,5岁段是幼儿使用认知重建策略的一个分界点。2)学前儿童的心理理论与情绪调节策略不存在显著的性别差异;认知重建、问题解决、被动应付策略存在显著的年龄差异。3)学前儿童心理理论能正向预测认知重建、问题解决,负向预测被动应付。

The development of emotion regulation strategies constitutes an essential element in the development of preschool children’s health and social domain.In order to explore the development of emotion regulation strategies among preschool children and the influence of theory of mind(ToM)on such development,this study adopted the classic ToM experimental approach to test the theory of mind of 97 preschool children aged 3-6 years old,and distributed emotion regulation strategies questionnaires to their parents.The results are as follows:1)The most frequently utilized emotion regulation strategies for preschool children aged 3-5 years old are surrogate activities and passive coping,the use of problem-solving strategies by children aged 4 years old becomes progressively prominent,and the use of cognitive reconstruction strategies by children aged 5 years old represents a turning point.2)There is no significant gender disparity in the theory of mind and emotion regulation strategies of preschool children;significant age differences exist in cognitive reconstruction,problem-solving,and passive coping strategies.3)The theory of mind of preschool children can positively predict cognitive reconstruction,problem-solving,and negatively predict passive coping.