不同来源外泌体在创面愈合过程各阶段的治疗作用

Preclinical Research Progress of Wound Healing Treated by Multiple Exosomes

慢性难愈合创面是全球范围内的公共卫生问题,愈合过程涉及一系列重叠的空间和时间阶段,其过程具有复杂性以及多样性,对于使用现有临床治疗手段难以愈合的慢性难愈合创面,亟需寻找新的治疗方法。干细胞旁分泌的外泌体能在创面愈合多阶段发挥作用,在治疗慢性难愈合创面中展现出独特优势。外泌体是调节皮肤细胞生物学行为的细胞间通讯的新型载体,广泛存在于多种体液中,而且无免疫反应性、无致瘤性以及较好的生物相容性等优点,其主要来源于脂肪源性干细胞、骨髓源性干细胞、人脐带干细胞等干细胞和其他类型的细胞。不同类型的外泌体根据其细胞来源和相邻细胞组分的不同,功能各具特点,在创面愈合中发挥的作用也不同。因此,文章对不同外泌体在创面愈合不同阶段中的具体作用和机制进行了探讨,并对目前的局限性和各种观点进行了综述。

Chronic refractory wound is a major public health problem in the world.The healing process involves a series of overlapping space and time stages,and its process is complex and diverse.For the use of existing clinical treatment of chronic refractory wounds that are difficult to heal,there is an urgent need to find a new treatment.The exosomes secreted by stem cells can play a role in multiple stages of wound healing,showing a unique advantage in the treatment of chronic refractory wounds.Exosomes is a new type of intercellular communication carrier that regulates the biological behavior of skin cells.It widely exists in a variety of body fluids and has the advantages of non-immunoreactivity,tumorigenicity and good biocompatibility.It mainly comes from adiposederived stem cells,bone marrow-derived stem cells,human umbilical cord stem cells and other types of stem cells.Different types of exosomes have different functions and play different roles in wound healing according to their cell sources and adjacent cell components.Therefore,this paper discusses the specific role and mechanism of different exosomes in different stages of wound healing,and summarizes the current limitations and various viewpoints.