三维超高分子量聚乙烯纤维/苎麻混杂轮胎防滑织物的设计与制备

Design and manufacture of three-dimensional ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber/ramie hybridized fabric for tire anti-slip chains

为改善传统防滑链笨重、噪音大、易损伤轮胎等缺点,基于干、湿摩擦因数的差异通过三向正交混杂织物结构设计,制备超高分子量聚乙烯/苎麻混杂织物轮胎防滑套,分析测试了其摩擦因数、耐磨性能和实际路面效果。结果表明:混杂织物轮胎防滑套干湿摩擦因数的转变使车辆制动距离可缩短20.5%;其摩擦因数比市场商用防滑套增加了116%;由于层间间隔结构织物防滑套的苎麻含量最高,织物结构更紧密,混杂效应更明显,其防滑性能和耐磨性能均最好;通过吸湿性能测试,进一步揭示了该新型防滑织物防滑机制。本文研究成果可减少防滑链对车体损伤,拓展三维织物的应用领域,具有重要的实用价值。

Objective Traditional anti-slip chains have drawbacks such as bulkiness,loud noise,and susceptibility to tire damage,which can cause damage to the vehicle,discomfort to passengers and other inconvenience during use.An initiative product which can overcome these shortcomings is urgently needed to improve the anti-slipping performance of vehicles.This research aims to develop a new type of tire chains with advantage of lightweight,low damage to vehicles,low noise and comfortable to passengers.Method A new cloth-made tire anti-slipping chain based on three dimensional(3-D)orthogonal woven fabric structure was proposed in this research.Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber was used to supply high wear resistance of the tire chain.UHMWPE fiber is a high-performance organic fiber with the best wear resistance Although the friction coefficient of UHMWPE fiber is small,through the conversion of dry and wet friction and the design of the concave-convex shape of the fabric surface,the anti-slipping sleeves show good anti-slipping performance in the test.Therefore,the UHMWPE fiber can effectively improve the wear resistance of the tire anti-slipping sleeves without affecting its anti-slipping performance.High moisture absorption fiber Ramie was selected to absorb the water film on the snow or ice road,transforming the wetting friction to dry friction between the tire and snow road.The UHMWPE fiber and ramie were hybridized in making 3-D woven structure to provide the tire chain with excellent anti-slipping and wear resistance.3-D woven fabrics with different hybrid structures were prepared to determine the optimal parameters.Results When the car is in motion,the water absorbed by the fibers is thrown out due to centrifugal force,forming a complete anti-slip mechanism.3-D woven structure fabric would satisfy the requirement of high strength and wear resistance to tire chain.Because the ramie fiber would absorb partial water in the road,the braking distance of vehicle was decreased by 20.5%when equipped with UHMWPE fiber/ramie anti-slipping chain.The friction coefficient of UHMWPE fiber/ramie cloth chain was found 116%higher than current commercial product.The moisture absorption ability of fabric plays a significant role in its anti-slipping performance.Due to the highest volume fraction of introduced ramie fiber,fabric with interlayer spacer structure shows higher moisture absorption compared to the other two structures.Under the state of spinning and throwing water,the moisture absorption rate was 3.4%,2.6%and 2.4%for interlayer spacer structure,inner-layer spacer structure and sandwich structure,respectively.The surface of the fabric is ultra high molecular weight polyethylene,which has a certain barrier effect on water.Subsequently,interlayer spacer structure presents the highest fabric friction coefficient,which is 12.4%and 150.8%larger than the inner-layer and sandwich structure,respectively.In addition,the more introduction of ramie fiber in interlayer spacer fabric formed a tighter fabric structure.This increases the binding force between the yarns,weaving resistance,and provides higher wear-resistance to the fabric.Three hybrid woven fabric structure all shows desirable dehydration property.Conclusion Adding moisture absorbing fiber can absorb water film on the snow or road,which can gradually transform wet friction into dry friction,and improving tire anti slip performance.The wear-resistance of the fabric can be improved by reasonably designing the hybrid structure of UHMWPE fiber/ramie.The actual road test verifies the desirable anti-slip performance of fabric prepared in this manuscript.However,the wear resistance of the anti-slip fabric still needs further testing.The results of this research provide a new method of wire anti-slip mechanism with higher anti-slip performance.which have important practical value.