基于里德堡原子的厘米波电场测量研究

Centimeter-Wave Electric Field Measurement Based on the Rydberg Atom

里德堡原子具有宽频带、高灵敏的微波接收能力,基于里德堡原子电磁诱导透明(Electromagnetically Induced Transparency,EIT)效应发展的微波电场测量技术已成为当前电磁波电场测量前沿热点技术。区别于大部分工作的研究频段(10 GHz以内),探究了里德堡原子对更高频的厘米波(10~30 GHz)的接收能力,具体针对三个不同微波共振频率开展电场测量研究,利用微波耦合里德态诱导的奥特勒-汤斯(AT)分裂对电场大小进行标定,并采用幅度调制方案对灵敏度及分辨率进行探测,根据连续采集计算的阿伦方差曲线,评估得到优于50 nV⋅cm^(-1)Hz测量灵敏度以及优于20 nV·cm^(-1)的场强分辨率。加强了对里德堡原子全微波频段探测能力的进一步认识,为里德堡原子在高频微波的应用提供了重要参考。

The Rydberg atom has a wide frequency band and highly sensitive microwave reception capability.The microwave electric field measurement technology developes based on the electromagnetic induced transparency effect of Rydberg atom has become a hot technology at the forefront of electromagnetic wave electric field measurement.Different from the research frequency band(<10 GHz)of most experimental works,this paper explores the ability of the Rydberg atom to receive centimeter waves.In our experiment,three different microwave resonance frequencies are measured,and the intensities of electric fields are calibrated by microwave coupling Rydberg-states induce AT splitting,and the sensitivity and resolution are detected amplitude modulation scheme.According to the Allan variance curve calculated by continuous acquisition,the measurement sensitivity of better than 50 nV⋅cm^(-1) Hz and the field strength resolution better than 20 nV⋅cm^(-1) are evaluated.This work strengthens the further understanding of the detection capability of Rydberg atom in the full microwave band,and provides an important reference for the application of Rydberg atom in high-frequency microwave.