高质量发展背景下的人口老龄化应对——论“十五五”时期我国积极应对人口老龄化的战略重点

Addressing Population Aging in the Context of High-Quality Development:Strategic Priorities for Actively Responding to Population Aging During the 15th Five-Year Plan Period in China

“十四五”期间我国已搭建积极应对人口老龄化基础性制度框架并取得一定成效,但距离《国家积极应对人口老龄化中长期规划》中制度安排更加科学有效、成熟稳定等目标仍有不足。研究在总结“十四五”政策效果和梳理“十五五”人口发展新需求的基础上,学习贯彻党的二十届三中全会精神,分析提出“十五五”时期贯彻落实积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的基本思路和战略重点。研究指出,面对更加紧迫的超常规人口老龄化压力和亟须解决的不平衡、不充分矛盾,要以高质量发展为核心,继续践行积极老龄观和健康老龄化观念,促进“以为促养”;坚持系统观念,持续深化供给侧结构性改革的同时发掘需求侧潜力,从组织体系、政策体系和制度创新三方面完善制度安排;加强创新驱动,创新老龄工作模式,增强积极应对人口老龄化的要素支撑,以更高效的管长远制度运行机制、系统协同的要素支撑,共同推进我国养老服务体系高质量发展和老龄事业产业协同发展,服务中国式现代化目标最终实现。

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,China has established a foundational institutional framework for actively responding to population aging.However,there are still deficiencies in achieving the goals of more scientific,effective,mature,and stable institutional arrangements.Based on summarizing the policy effects of the 14th Five-Year Plan and organizing the new needs of the 15th Five-Year Plan,this paper analyzes the strategic priorities for implementing the national strategy of actively responding to population aging during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.We indicated that,facing the extraordinary population aging pressures,it is necessary to ake high-quality development as the core and continue to promote active aging and healthy aging.By adhering to a systematic approach,deepening supply-side structural reforms while exploring demand-side potential,and improving institutional arrangements from three aspects:organizational systems,policy systems,and institutional innovation.Strengthening innovation-driven strategies and enhancing the support elements for actively responding to population aging will ensure a more efficient long-term institutional operating mechanism and systematic and coordinated support elements.