互联网使用对低龄老年人劳动参与的影响——老年人力资本提升视角

The Impact of Internet Use on Labor Participation of Young-Old People:From the Perspective of Enhancing Human Capital of Older People

基于人力资本理论,构建“互联网使用-老年人力资本-劳动参与率”之间的影响机制,并采用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2018年和2020年的微观数据,运用Probit模型、IV Probit模型、倾向得分匹配等方法进行实证检验。研究发现,互联网使用能够显著提升低龄老年人劳动参与概率,其中,老年人力资本是二者之间产生影响的重要机制,且经过一系列的内生性和稳健性检验后,上述结论依然成立。此外,受教育水平越高的老年人,互联网使用对其劳动参与的促进效应越小;互联网使用对低龄老年人自雇工作具有显著的促进作用,且平均边际效应大于对受雇工作的影响。研究结论能够为提高老年人力资本水平、促进低龄老年人劳动参与提供政策启示。

Based on the theory of human capital,this paper constructs the impact mechanism of“Internet use-human capital of older people-labor participation rate”.The data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2018 and 2020 were used to conduct empirical testing by using the Probit model,IV Probit model,and propensity score matching(PSM)method.The results show that internet use can significantly promote the probability of labor participation of the young-old,and increase the likelihood of labor participation of the young-old by enhancing their human capital.The above conclusions are still valid after endogenous control and robustness tests are carried out using some other methods.Additionally,Internet use exerts a lesser positive impact on the labor participation of highly educated the young-old.Internet use has a significant positive impact on the self-employment of the young-old,and the average marginal effect is larger than the impact on employed work.The results can provide policy implications for improving the level of human capital and promoting the labor participation of the the young-old.